目的 探讨双黄连颗粒联合阿莫西林克拉维酸钾治疗小儿肺炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2015年8月-2016年8月在驻马店市中心医院进行治疗的小儿肺炎患者86例，根据治疗方案的差别分为对照组和治疗组，每组各43例。对照组静脉滴注注射用阿莫西林克拉维酸钾，30 mg/kg加入生理盐水100 mL中，2次/d。治疗组在对照组的基础上口服双黄连颗粒，3~8岁患儿1袋/次；>8岁患儿2袋/次，3次/d。两组患儿均连续治疗2周。观察两组患者临床疗效，同时比较两组治疗前后临床症状消失时间和血清学指标变化。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组总有效率分别为81.40%和95.35%，两组总有效率比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组患儿退热、咳嗽、肺部啰音和扁桃体及咽部充血等消失时间均明显短于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患者血清超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、降钙素原（PCT）和可溶性髓系细胞触发受体-1（sTREM-1）水平明显低于同组治疗前，同组治疗前后差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗后治疗组比对照组降低的更加显著，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 双黄连颗粒联合阿莫西林克拉维酸钾治疗小儿肺炎效果显著，可促进患儿临床症状改善，并能降低机体炎症反应，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Shuanghuanglian Granules combined with amoxicillin and potassium in treatment of children with pneumonia. Methods Children (86 cases) with pneumonia in Zhumadian Central Hospital from August 2015 to August 2016 were divided into control and treatment groups based on different treatments, and each group had 43 cases. Children in the control group were iv administered with Amoxicillin Sodium and Clavulanate Potassium for injection, 30 mg/kg added into normal saline 100 mL, twice daily. Children in the treatment group were po administered with Shuanghuanglian Granules on the basis of the control group, 1 bag/time for 3-8 years old children, 2 bag/time for >8 years old children, three times daily. Children in two groups were treated for 2 weeks. After treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated, and the disappearing time of clinical symptoms and serological index in two groups before and after treatment was compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 81.40% and 95.35%, respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, pyretolysis time, disappearing time of cough, pulmonary rales, tonsil and pharyngeal hyperemia in treatment group were significantly shorter than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, PCT, and sTREM-1 levels in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And these indicators in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Shuanghuanglian Granules combined with amoxicillin and potassium has a significant effect in treatment of children with pneumonia, can significantly improve clinical symptoms and reduce the inflammatory response, which has a certain clinical application value.