目的 总结淮安市第二人民医院2014-2015年抗肿瘤药物不良反应发生的情况，分析其发生的原因及其药物种类，指导临床医生合理、安全、规范的使用药物。方法 统计分析淮安市第二人民医院2014年1月-2015年12月上报国家药品不良反应监测中心药物不良反应发生的情况，寻找容易发生药物不良反应的各种状况，并制定相应的对策。结果 186例药物不良反应报告中，患者年龄5~86岁，60岁以上老年患者发生药物不良反应最多，占53.77%；共涉及抗肿瘤药物6类31个品种；引起血液系统、消化系统不良反应最多，其次为皮肤及其附件；静脉滴注引起药物不良反应最多；药物不良反应主要来自药剂师的报告。结论 临床应加强对抗肿瘤药不良反应的监测工作，及时发现、报告，为临床安全用药提供参考依据，减少或避免药物不良反应对患者生活质量的影响。

Objective To summarize adverse drug reactions induced by antitumor drugs in the Second People's Hospital of Huaian from 2014 to 2015, and analyze its reasons and types of drugs in order to guide clinical physicians use of drugs reasonably, safely, and standardly. Methods Adverse drug reaction cases collected in the Second People's Hospital of Huaian from January 2014 to December 2015 by National Center for ADR Monitoring were statistically analyzed in order to find adverse drug reaction in various situations which were likely to happen and make corresponding countermeasures. Results Ages of patients were from 5 to 86 in 186 cases. The highest incidence occurred in patients of above 60 years, accounting for 53.77%. All the cases were involved 6 categories and 31 varieties. Adverse drug reaction was mainly related to the hematologic system and digestive system, followed by the skin and accessories. Intravenous dripping was used as the main way of infusion. Adverse drug reaction was mainly reported by pharmacists. Conclusion It is important to pay close attention to the adverse drug reaction induced by antitumor drugs. Adverse drug reaction should be discovered and reported in time, which may provide a reference for the clinical use and lessen or avoid the occurrence of adverse drug reaction and improve the life quality of patients.