目的 观察奥拉西坦联合小牛血清去蛋白注射液治疗急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的临床疗效。方法 选取2015年1月-2015年12月武汉市蔡甸区人民医院收治的急性一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病患者86例，随机分为对照组和治疗组，每组各43例。对照组静脉滴注小牛血清去蛋白注射液，0.8 g加入到0.9%氯化钠注射液250 mL中，1次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上静脉滴注注射用奥拉西坦，3 g加入到0.9%氯化钠注射液250 mL中，1次/d。两组患者均治疗2周。观察两组的临床疗效，比较两组蒙特利尔认知评估表（MoCA）评分、简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）评分和事件相关电位P300的潜伏期情况。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为69.77%、88.37%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组MoCA评分和MMSE评分均显著升高，而事件相关电位P300的潜伏期明显缩短，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗组这些观察指标的改善程度明显优于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 奥拉西坦联合小牛血清去蛋白注射液治疗急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病具有较好的临床疗效，可明显改善患者认知功能，安全性较好，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To observe the clinical effect of oxiracetam combined with Deproteinised Calf Blood Serum Injection in treatment of delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning. Methods Patients (86 cases) with delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning in Caidian District People's Hospital of Wuhan City from January 2015 to December 2015 were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, and each group had 43 cases. Patients in the control group were iv administered with Deproteinised Calf Blood Serum Injection, 0.8 mg added into normal saline 250 mL, once daily. Patients in the treatment group were iv administered with Oxiracetam for injection on the basis of the control group, 3 g added into normal saline 250 mL, once daily. Patients in two groups were treated for 2 weeks. After treatment, the clinical efficacies were evaluated, and MoCA scores, MMSE scores, and incubation period of event related potential P300 in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 69.77% and 88.37%, respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, MoCA scores and MMSE scores in two groups were significantly increased, but the incubation period of event related potential P300 in two groups were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And the observational indexes in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Oxiracetam combined with Deproteinised Calf Blood Serum Injection has clinical curative effect in treatment of delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning, can significantly improve cognitive function with good safety, which has a certain clinical application value.