目的 研究牛痘疫苗致炎兔皮提取物注射液联合维生素B1注射液和甲钴胺注射液治疗轻中度腕管综合征的临床疗效和安全性。方法 选取常州市第二人民医院2014年12月-2015年6月收治的138例轻中度腕管综合症患者，按照患者治疗方案分为对照组（n=65）和治疗组（n=73）。对照组患者肌肉注射维生素B1注射液100 mg，1次/d，同时肌肉注射甲钴胺注射液0.5 mg，1次/d。治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上静脉滴注牛痘疫苗致炎兔皮提取物注射液7.2 U，1次/d。两组患者均持续治疗14 d。观察两组患者临床疗效，对比两组患者治疗前后神经肌电图指标、VAS评分、症状缓解时间和Boston腕管问卷调查评分（BTCQ）评分。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组的有效率分别为70.8%、95.9%，两组有效率比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）。治疗后，两组患者腕部正中神经感觉神经传导速度（SCV）、感觉神经动作电位（SNAP）波幅均显著增加，运动神经复合肌动作电位（CMAP）潜伏期显著缩短，同组治疗前后差异比较有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗组SCV、SNAP波幅、CMAP潜伏期、CMAP波幅的改善程度均优于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患者的VAS评分、BTCQ评分均显著降低，同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且治疗组的降低更为明显，与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组疼痛缓解时间和麻木缓解时间均短于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 牛痘疫苗致炎兔皮提取物注射液联合维生素B1注射液和甲钴胺注射液治疗轻中度腕管综合征具有较好的临床疗效，能够减轻疼痛，改善临床症状，恢复生活质量，安全性较高，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of extracts injection from rabbit skin inflamed by vaccinia virus combined with Vitamin B1 Injection and Mecobalamin Injection in treatment of moderate carpal tunnel syndrome. Methods Patients (138 cases) with moderate carpal tunnel syndrome in Changzhou Second People's Hospital from December 2014 to June 2015 were divided into control group (n=65) and study group (n=73). The patients in the control group were im administered with Vitamin B1 Injection, 100 mg/time, once daily. And in the same time, patients in the control group were im administered with Mecobalamin Injection, 0.5 mg/time, once daily. The patients in the treatment group were iv administered with rabbit skin inflamed by vaccinia virus injection on the basis of the control group, 7.2 U/time, once daily. The patients in two groups were treated for 14 d. After treatment, the efficacy was evaluated, and nerve EMG indexes, VAS scores, symptom relief time, and BTCQ scores in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the effective rate of the control and treatment group were 70.8% and 95.9%, respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.01). After treatment, SCV and SNAP amplitude in two groups were significantly increased, CMAP latency was significantly shortened,, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). After treatment, the observational indexes in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, VAS score and BTCQ score were significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). And the observational indexes in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Pain relief time and duration of pain relief time in the treatment group were shorter than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Extracts injection from rabbit skin inflamed by vaccinia virus combined with Vitamin B1 Injection and Mecobalamin Injection has clinical curative effect in treatment of moderate carpal tunnel syndrome, and can reduce the pain, improve clinical symptoms, restore the quality of life with high safety, which has a certain clinical application value.