目的 探讨复方斑蝥胶囊联合雷替曲塞治疗晚期食管癌的临床疗效及安全性。方法 选取2010年2月—2012年6月淄博市妇幼保健院收治的晚期食管癌患者80例，采用数字分组法分为对照组和治疗组，每组各40例。对照组患者静脉滴注注射用雷替曲塞，3 mg/m²加入到0.9%氯化钠溶液100 mL中，15 min滴完，1次/3周。治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上口服复方斑蝥胶囊，3粒/次，2次/d。两组患者均连续治疗6周。观察两组的临床疗效，比较两组患者生活质量、不良反应及生存率的情况。结果 治疗后，对照组和治疗组的有效率分别为30.00%、57.50%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患者的心理、躯体、认知及社会评分均显著升高，同组治疗前后差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；且与对照组相比，治疗组这些观察指标的改善程度更显著，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗组迟发性腹泻、恶心呕吐、中性粒细胞减少、血小板减少、贫血、肝肾功能异常的不良反应发生率明显低于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。随访发现对照组第2年和第3年的生存率分别为17.50%、5.00%，治疗组患者第2年和第3年的生存率分别为37.50%、20.00%，两组生存率比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 复方斑蝥胶囊联合雷替曲塞治疗晚期食管癌具有较好的临床疗效，可改善患者的生活质量，降低不良反应率，增加患者生存率，具有一定的临床推广应用价值。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect and safety of Compound Banmao Capsules combined with raltitrexed in treatment of advanced esophageal cancer. Methods Patients (80 cases) with advanced esophageal cancer in Zibo City Maternity and Child Care Hospital from February 2010 to June 2012 were divided into the control and treatment groups by digital grouping method, and each group had 40 cases. Patients in the control group were iv administered with Raltitrexed for injection, 3 mg/m² added into normal saline 100 mL, iv for 15 min, once every 3 weeks. Patients in the treatment group were po administered with Compound Banmao Capsules on the basis of the control group, 3 grains/time, twice daily. Patients in two groups were treated for 6 weeks. After treatment, the clinical efficacies were evaluated, and quality of life, adverse reactions, and survival rate in two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the clinical efficacies in the control and treatment groups were 30.00% and 57.50%, respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of mental function, physical function, cognitive function, and social function were significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant in the same group (P<0.05). After treatment, the observational indexes in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group (P<0.05). Incidence of adverse reactions of delayed diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, and liver and kidney dysfunction in the treatment group were obviously lower than those in the control group, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). Follow up showed that the second and third year survival rate in the control group were 17.50% and 5.00%,respectively, but the survival rates in the second and third year in the treatment group were 37.50% and 20.00%, respectively, and there was difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Compound Banmao Capsules combined with raltitrexed has clinical curative effect in treatment of advanced esophageal cancer, and can improve quality of life of patients, decrease incidence of adverse reactions, and increase survival rate, which has a certain clinical application value.