目的 分析南京市妇幼保健院抗菌药物的使用情况,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法 随机抽取2012年1月-2015年12月门诊抗菌药物处方15 910张,对抗菌药物的联用情况、给药途径、用药频度(DDDs)和药物利用指数(DUI)等进行统计分析。结果 门诊抗菌药物处方15 910张,占门诊总处方14.36%,抗菌药物使用品种为30种,单一用药处方数最多,为13 555张(85.20%),二联和三联用药分别占12.90%、1.90%;抗菌药物处方中使用较多的分别为头孢菌素类、大环内酯类和青霉素类;给药途径主要为口服,构成比为79.82%;盐酸左氧氟沙星注射液的DDDs较高,注射用头孢硫脒、注射用头孢西丁钠的DDDs较低,罗红霉素分散片和头孢克洛分散片的DUI>1.0。不合理用药率为4.64%,其中主要为无指征用药、用法用量不当和选药不适宜。结论 南京市妇幼保健院抗菌药物使用率较高,需规范使用,减小抗菌药物使用强度,尽量避免不合理应用,确保用药安全有效。

Objective To analyze the use of antibiotics in Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, and to provide basis for reasonable application of antibiotics. Methods Antibacterial prescriptions (15 910 pieces) in Department of Outpatient in Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital from January 2012 to December 2015 were randomly selected. Combination, route of administration, frequency of drug use (DDDs), and drug utilization index (DUI) were analyzed statistically. Results There were 15 910 pieces of antibacterial prescriptions from Department of Outpatient, accounting for 14.36% in total prescriptions of outpatients. There were 30 kinds of antibiotics, in which 13 555 pieces (85.20%) only used one kinds of antibiotics, and rates of double-drug and triple-drug were 12.90% and 1.90%, respectively. The most use of antibacterial prescriptions was cephalosporins, macrolides, and penicillins. The main administration route was oral administration, accounting for 79.82%. DDDs of Levofloxacin Hydrochloride Injection were higher, while DDDs of Cephathiamidine for injection and Cefoxitin Sodium for injection were lower. DUI of Roxithromycin Dispersible Tablets and Cefaclor Dispersible Tablets were more than 1.0. The unreasonable rate of antibiotics was 4.64%. The main types of unreasonable medicine were unclear indications, improper dosage and administration, and inappropriate choice of medicine. Conclusion Usage of antibiotics is higher in Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, therefore it should be taken standardized use of antibiotics to reduce the intensity use of antimicrobial drugs, and to avoid unreasonable application to ensure safe and effective medication.