目的 分析煤炭总医院儿科口服中成药的用药特点与趋势,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法 采用回顾性方法,对煤炭总医院2014年儿科使用中成药的销售金额、品种、剂型、剂量、用药频度(DDDs)和日均费用(DDC)等数据汇总分析。结果 儿科用中成药有42种,品种应用较多的有解表剂、化痰止咳平喘剂、消导剂和清热剂;剂型方面显示颗粒剂、口服液和糖浆剂更适宜儿童服用。有11种注明儿童分段使用剂量,仅占总数的26.2%;小儿热速清颗粒的销售金额和DDDs均列第1位,DDC除小儿豉翘清热颗粒超过20元外,其余单价均低于15元;辨证不足(不当)和用法用量不当是儿科口服中成药不合理应用的主要原因。结论 煤炭总医院儿科口服中成药使用情况基本合理,可满足儿科疾病需要,建议适当引进儿科专属品种,充分发挥临床药师在合理应用中的作用,保障儿童用药安全。

Objective To analyze the characteristics and tendency of oral Chinese patent medicines (CPM) in Department of Pediatrics of China Meitan General Hospital, and to provide the basis for clinical rational use. Methods Using the retrospective method, the use of the amount, variety, dosage, defined daily doses (DDDs), and daily drug cost (DDC) in Department of Pediatrics of a hospital in 2014 were analyzed. Results There were 42 kinds of CPM. Diaphoretic recipes, expectorant antitussive antiasthmetics, discutient recipes, and heat-clearing prescriptions were widely used. The dosage forms of granules, oral liquid, and syrup were more easily accepted by children. There were only 11 kinds of CPM with marked dosage in ages, accounting for 26.2%. Consumption sum and DDDs of Xiaoer Resuqing Granules ranked the first. DDC of Xiaoer Chiqiao Qingre Granules were above 20 yuan, and the others were lower than 15 yuan. The main reasons for the unreasonable application in oral CPM were lack of differentiation (improper), and unreasonable usage and dosage. Conclusion The usage of oral CPM in Department of Pediatrics of China Meitan General Hospital is basically reasonable, which meets the needs of pediatric diseases. The special varieties of pediatric should be introduced, and clinical pharmacists should play the role in the reasonable application, to protect children's medication safety.