化疗是食管癌治疗的主要方法之一, 而多药耐药(MDR)现象是目前食管癌化疗过程中遇到的最大障碍。肿瘤MDR是指肿瘤患者经过某种化疗药物长期治疗后, 除了对该化疗药物产生耐药性, 对其他多种结构和功能不同的抗肿瘤药物亦产生耐药。肿瘤MDR是一个多阶段、多因素参与的复杂过程, 包括药物转运蛋白的外排作用、靶酶的变化以及其他参与因素的改变等, 主要对食管癌多药耐药机制及其逆转剂的研究进展进行综述。

Chemotherapy is one of the main methods in treatment of esophageal carcinoma. However, multidrug resistance (MDR) is the greatest barrier during the chemotherapeutic process. MDR means that after treatment for a long period with some chemotherapeutic agents, patients resistant not only to this chemotherapeutic drug, but also to other structurally and functionally drugs. MDR is a complicated procedure involving multiple stages and multiple factors, including exocytosis of drug transporters, changes of target enzyme, and other involved factors. MDR mechanism of esophageal carcinoma and reversal agents are summarized in this brief review.