目的 对天津市肿瘤医院2013年门诊抗菌药物的处方进行分析点评, 为科学管理和促进临床合理应用提供参考。方法 调取2013年天津市肿瘤医院门诊抗菌药处方共1 579张, 对抗菌药物的使用进行点评和分析。结果 门诊抗菌药物的使用人群年龄集中于50岁以上;用药科室亦较为集中;抗菌药物处方占总处方数的0.60%, 品种集中在喹诺酮类和头孢类, 口服抗菌药物的使用比例高于注射用药;点评的不合理处方153张, 占抗菌药处方总数的9.69%, 其中适应症不符和用法用量不当分别占38.56%、26.14%。结论 针对本院门诊处方中抗菌药物的使用情况和不合理用药现象, 提出有针对性地加强处方医师的培训和奖罚、优化抗菌药物的品种等干预措施, 进一步提高门诊抗菌药物的合理用药水平。

Objective To investigate the conditions of antibiotic prescriptions in outpatient department of Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital in 2013, and in order to provide a basis for scientific management and promoting the clinical rational use of antibiotics. Methods By extracting 1 579 antibiotic prescriptions in outpatient department of Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital in 2013, the usage of antibiotics was reviewed and analyzed. Results Outpatients used antibiotics were focused on the patients who are over 50 years old. And the administration departments were relatively concentrated. Antibiotic prescriptions took 0.603% of all the prescriptions. Quinolones and cephalosporins were mainly used in outpatient antibiotics. Oral approach was used more than the usage of venous approach. The amount of the irrational antibiotic prescriptions was 153, taking 9.69% of total antibiotic prescriptions. In those prescriptions, the cases of inconsistent indications and irrational usage and dosage were 38.56% and 26.14%. Conclusion With the utilization and irrational drug using phenomenon of antibiotic prescriptions in outpatient department, more work should be done to improve the level of rational use of antibiotic drugs such as strengthening the training and reward or punishment of prescriber, and optimizing the varieties of antibiotics.