目的 调查分析天津市肿瘤医院抗菌药物的使用情况.方法 采用横断面调查方法,对天津市肿瘤医2014年3月24日00:00～24:00所有住院的肿瘤患者抗菌药物使用情况进行调查.结果 1 259例肿瘤住院患者中,抗菌药物使用率为13.19%,单一用药率为83.13%,二联用药率为13.86%,三联及以上用药率为3.01%.全院治疗性应用抗菌药比例为78.92%,预防性应用比例13.86%,送检率77.86%.用药频率(DDDs)居前三位的依次是碳青霉烯类、第3代头孢菌素和β内酰胺/β内酰胺酶抑制剂.结论 天津市肿瘤医院住院患者抗菌药物应用基本合理,但个别科室仍存在诸多不合理用药现象,需进一步加强管理.

Objective To carry out the cross-sectional survey on utilization of antibiotics in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital. Methods In cross-sectional survey, the clinical utilization of all inpatients from 0 to 24 h on March 24th 2014 was surveyed. Results Among 1 259 inpatients, the cross-sectional use rate of antibiotics was 13.19%, of which rate of single-drug was 83.13%, rate of double-drug was 13.86%, and rate of triple-drug and above was 3.01%. The therapeutic use rate of antibiotics was 78.92%, and the prophylactic use rate was 13.86%. Rate of etiological examination for therapeutic medication was 77.86%. The top three antibiotics in the list of DDDs were carbapenems, third generation of cephalosporins, and β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors. Conclusions In Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, the cross-sectional application rate of antibiotics is reasonable, but there is also some phenomenon of many unreasonable medicines in some department, which needs further efforts to strengthen the management.