目的 观察头孢噻肟钠联合三金片治疗急性肾盂肾炎的临床疗效。方法 合肥市第二人民医院2011年12月—2013年10月确诊的急性肾盂肾炎98例，随机分为对照组（49例）和治疗组（49例）。对照组静脉滴注注射用头孢他啶2.0 g溶于0.9%生理盐水100 mL，2次/d，同时口服三金片，3片/次，3次/d。治疗组静脉滴注注射用头孢噻肟钠2.0 g溶于0.9%生理盐水100 mL，2次/d，三金片的用法用量同对照组。两组均连续治疗14 d。治疗结束后2、6周患者定期复查。评价两组的临床疗效，同时记录两组患者腰部或（和）下腹部疼痛、尿路刺激征、退热等临床症状、体征消失时间。结果 治疗组和对照组的总有效率分别为93.88%、81.63%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗组患者腰部或（和）下腹部疼痛、尿路刺激征消失时间均明显短于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），但两组患者退热时间比较差异无统计学意义。结论 头孢噻肟钠联合三金片治疗急性肾盂肾炎具有较好的临床疗效，可快速改善临床症状和体征，值得临床推广应用。

Objective To investigate the effect of cefotaxime sodium combined with Sanjin Tablets in treatment of acute pyelonephritis. Methods Patients (98 cases) with acute pyelonephritis who came to the Second People's Hospital of Hefei City from December 2011 to October 2013 were randomly divided into control (49 cases) and treatment (49 cases) groups. The patients in the control group were iv administered with Ceftazidime for injection 2.0 g adding into 0.9% saline solution 100 mL, twice daily. At the same time, they were po administered with Sanjin Tablets, 3 tablets/time, three times daily. The patients in the treatment group were iv administered with Cefotaxime Sodium for injection 2.0 g adding into 0.9% saline solution 100 mL, twice daily, and the usage and dosage was the same with the control group. The patients in the two groups were treated for 14 d. Patients were checked regularly 2, 6 weeks after the treatment. The treatment efficacy was evaluated, while lumbar or (and) lower abdominal pain, urinary tract irritation, antifebrile and other clinical symptoms and signs disappeared times were recorded. Results The efficacies in the treatment and control groups were 93.88% and 81.63%, respectively, and there were differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). Disappear times of lumbar or (and) lower abdominal pain and urinary tract irritation in the treatment group were significantly shorter than those in the control group, and there was significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Antifebrile time in two groups was no statistically significant difference. Conclusion Cefotaxime sodium combined with Sanjin Tablets has a good clinical effect in treatment of acute pyelonephritis, and can rapidly improve the clinical symptoms and signs, which is worth clinical application.