目的 考察血三七水煎液抗大鼠动脉粥样硬化的作用及其可能的作用机制。方法 采用高脂饲料连续喂养8周，制备大鼠动脉粥样硬化模型，然后将模型大鼠分为模型组，血脂康胶囊（0.12 g/kg）组，血三七水煎液低、中、高剂量（含生药5、10、15 g/kg）组，1次/d，连续给药4周后，检测大鼠血清总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）水平、动脉粥样硬化指数（AI）、血管活性物质一氧化氮（NO）、血管内皮素（ET）、6-酮前列腺素F1α（6-keto-PGF1α）、血栓素B₂（TXB₂），以及炎性因子C反应蛋白（CRP）、白介素6（IL-6）、白介素8（（IL-8）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）水平。结果 与模型组比较，各给药组可以降低TC、TG、LDL-C、AI和TXB₂水平，升高HDL-C、NO、6-keto-PGF1α水平，CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8水平有不同程度的降低。结论 血三七水煎液可以抑制大鼠动脉粥样硬化的形成，同时降低血脂水平，其作用可能与抑制炎性因子的释放有关。

Objective To investigate the inhibition and possible mechanisms of Polygonum amplexicaule var. sinense water decoction (PAWD) on atherosclerosis in rats. Methods Atherosclerosis model of rats was established by continuous feeding high fat forage for 8 weeks. All model rats were divided into model, Xuezhikang Capsule (0.12 g/kg), high-, mid-, and low-dose PAWD (5, 10, and 15 g/kg) groups. Each group was given the corresponding drugs once daily for 4 weeks. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in blood serum were analyzed, and the levels of atherosclerosis index (AI), nitric oxide (NO), endothelin (ET), 6-keto prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α), thromboxane B₂ (TXB₂), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in the blood plasma were also analyzed.Results Compared with model group, the levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, ET, TXB₂, and AI were reduced, while the HDL-C, NO, and 6-keto-PGF1α levels were raised in the medicated groups. The levels of CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 were lower than those in the model group. Conclusion PAWD could inhibit the atherogenesis formation and lower the blood lipids level, which might be due to reducing the release of inflammatory factors.