目的 观察异丙托溴铵雾化液联合3%高渗盐水辅助治疗小儿毛细支气管炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2010年1月-2013年10月诸城市妇幼保健院收治的毛细支气管炎患儿168例，随机分为对照组和治疗组，每组各84例。所有患儿常规性进行吸氧、抗病毒、抗炎、止咳、退热、化痰及激素治疗。对照组在常规性治疗基础上雾化吸入3%高渗盐水，3 mL/次，3～4次/d。治疗组雾化吸入异丙托溴铵雾化液联合3%高渗盐水，3 mL/次，3～4次/d。两组均持续治疗14 d。观察两组的临床疗效，比较两组患儿喘憋消失时间，哮鸣音消失时间，肺部X线影像好转时间和住院时间。结果 治疗组和对照组的总有效率分别为95.24%、84.52%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，治疗组喘憋消失、哮鸣音消失、肺部X线影像好转及住院时间均显著短于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 异丙托溴铵雾化液联合3%高渗盐水辅助治疗小儿毛细支气管炎具有较好的临床疗效，可明显改善患儿的症状、体征，值得临床推广应用。

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of ipratropium bromide aerosol liquid combined with 3% hypertonic saline in adjuvant treatment of infantile capillary bronchiolitis. Methods Infantile capillary bronchiolitis patients (168 cases) of Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Zhucheng City from January 2010 to October 2013 were randomly divided into treatment and control groups, and each group had 84 cases. The patients in both the groups received the conventional therapy such as regularly taking oxygen, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-cough, anti-fever, eliminating phlegm, and hormone treatment. Patients in the control group were given atomization inhalation 3% hypertonic saline, 3 mL/time, 3-4 times daily. Patients in the treatment group were given atomization inhalation ipratropium bromide aerosol liquid combined with 3% hypertonic saline, 3 mL/time, 3-4 times daily. Two groups were treated for 14 d. The total clinical efficacy was observed, and disappeared time of breath holding and expiratory phase wheezing sound, situation of X-ray examination, and the duration of hospital stay in the two groups were compared. Results The total effective rates of the pai\tients in the treatment and control groups were 95.24% and 84.52%, respectively, with significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). After the treatment, the disappeared time of breath holding and expiratory phase wheezing sound, recovery time of X-ray, and the duration of hospital stay in the treatment group were shorter than those in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion Ipratropium bromide aerosol liquid combined with 3% hypertonic saline has a good clinical efficacy in the adjuvant treatment of infantile capillary bronchiolitis, and can significantly improve the symptoms and signs of patients, which is worthy of clinical application.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（30973622）