目的 观察蒙脱石散联合双歧杆菌四联活菌片对小儿秋季腹泻的治疗效果，并对相关因子进行检测。方法 选取2011年12月-2013年12月陕西省延川县医院收治的秋季腹泻患儿80例，随机分为对照组（40例）和治疗组（40例），对照组应用双歧杆菌四联活菌片，<6个月的患儿1粒/次，2次/d；6个月～1岁幼儿2粒/次，2次/d；1～6岁幼儿3粒/次，2次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上应用蒙脱石散，<1岁患儿，1包/d，分3次服用；1～2岁幼儿，0.5包/次，3次/d；≥3岁幼儿，0.5包/次，4次/d。在治疗期间给予80例患儿相同的支持治疗。观察两组患儿治疗后总有效率、症状消失时间，同时检测治疗前后两组IL-6和TNF-α的水平。结果 治疗组和对照组的总有效率分别为100%、82.5%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗组症状消失时间均明显短于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组患儿IL-6和TNF-α水平均低于治疗前，同组治疗前后差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；治疗后，治疗组IL-6和TNF-α水平低于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 蒙脱石散联合双歧杆菌四联活菌片对小儿秋季腹泻有较好的临床疗效，可明显缩短患儿治疗时间，有效控制患儿的症状与体征，适宜临床推广。

Objective To explore the curative effect of Montmorillonite Powder combined with Bifidobacterium Tetravaccine Tablet in the treatment of infantile autumn diarrhea and to detect the related factors. Methods Patients (80 cases) with infantile autumn diarrhea for the treatment in the Hospital of Yanchuan County in Shaanxi Province from December 2011 to December 2013 were randomly divided into control (40 cases) and treatment (40 cases) groups. The patients in the control group accepted Bifidobacterium Tetravaccine Tablet, children less than 6 months with a grain/time, twice daily; 6 months to 1 year old children, 2 grains/time, twice daily; 1-6 years old preschool children 3 grains/time, twice daily. The patients in the treatment group accepted Montmorillonite Powder, children less than 1 year old, 1 bag/d, taking three times; 1-2 years old children, 0.5 package/time, three times daily; more than 3 years old children, 0.5 package/times, four times daily. Cases of children (80) were accepted the same support treatment. The total effective rate and time of symptoms improved were observed after the treatment, and the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were detected before and after the treatment in the two groups. Results The efficacy on the patients in the treatment and control groups was 100% and 82.5%, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). The time of improved symptoms in the treatment group was significantly shorter than that in the control group, and there was the significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). After the treatment, the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the two groups were decreased and there was statistical significance before and after the treatment (P < 0.05); The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the same time in the control group (P< 0.05). Conclusion Montmorillonite Powder combined with Bifidobacterium Tetravaccine Tablet has a good clinical efficacy in the treatment of infantile autumn diarrhea, and could obviously shorten the treatment time and effectively control the patient's symptoms and signs, which is worthy of clinical application.