多发性硬化（MS）的药物治疗方案近年来发生了显著的变化：从作用于全身副作用较大的激素类药物发展为针对特定免疫细胞的靶向药物；从经sc、im或iv等非肠胃途径给药发展为方便的口服药物。在诸多治疗方案中，免疫调节类药物、神经保护类药物和干细胞移植疗法目前在临床上占主导地位。随着对MS病理学研究的发展，免疫调节类药物已逐步被人们所认识。按免疫调节类药物直接靶向的免疫细胞的不同对药物进行分类，对药物的作用特点、临床使用情况、毒副作用等进行综述，同时对神经保护剂和干细胞移植疗法做简要阐释。

Therapeutic strategies for multiple sclerosis (MS) have radically changed in recent years: from glucocorticoids with toxicity and side-effects to targeted drugs for specific immune cells; from systematic administration, such as sc and iv injection to convenient ig administration. As we known, among these therapeutic drugs, immunomodulatory drugs, neuroprotective agents, and stem cells transplantation treatment occupy a dominant position. With the development of the research in pathology, immunomodulatory drugs have been accepted step by step. According to the immunomodulatory drugs targeting the immune cells directly, they are classified, and their function characteristics, clinical usage, and side effects are summarized. Moreover, we will also discuss the neuroprotective agent and stem cells transplantation concisely.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81001656、81341088、81273817）；首都卫生发展科研专项（首发2011-1001-06）；北京市优秀人才培养资助项目（2012D005018000010）