目的 观察重组人干扰素α-2b注射液雾化吸入治疗儿童手足口病的临床疗效。方法 选取2013年5—9月来首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院儿科就诊的患儿164例，随机分为治疗组（84例）和对照组（80例）。对照组给予对症基础治疗。治疗组在对照组基础上再加用重组人干扰素α-2b注射液300万单位，生理盐水2 mL稀释，空气压缩雾化吸入，体积流量4 L/min，2次/d，观察期为7 d。3 d为1个疗程，观察3、6 d内两组体温、进食及疱疹改善情况。结果 治疗组的效果明显优于对照组，治疗组的总有效率（98.8%）高于对照组（91.3%），差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；同时治疗组3、6 d内体温和疱疹情况皆优于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；治疗组3、6 d进食情况差异无统计学意义。结论 重组人干扰素α-2b注射液雾化吸入对于促进手足口病患儿体温恢复及疱疹愈合方面的临床疗效满意，且安全性好，值得临床进一步研究推广。

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Recombinant Human Interferon α-2b Injection by aerosol inhalation in treatment of hand-foot-mouth disease of children. Methods The children (164 cases) diagnosed with hand-foot-mouth disease in Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University from May to September 2013 were randomly divided into treatment (84 cases) and control (80 cases) groups. The children in the control group were administered with symptomatic treatment. On the basis of the control group, the children in the treatment group were administered with Recombinant Human Interferon α-2b Injection 3 million U, twice daily by compressed air and aerosol inhalation, which was diluted by physiological saline 2 mL. The flow rate was 4 L/min. Both the children in the two groups were observed for 7 d. A treatment period was 3 d. The improvement of the body temperature, feeding, and herpes of children in the two groups was obtained in 3 and 6 d during the treatment. Results The effect in the treatment group was better than that in the control group. The total efficacies in the treatment and control groups were 98.8% and 91.3%, respectively, with the significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). The effect of body temperature and herpes of the children in the treatment group in 3 and 6 d during the treatment was better than that of the children in the control group, with the significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). The difference of feeding in the two groups in 3 and 6 d was not statistically significant. Conclusion Recombinant Human Interferon α-2b Injection by aerosol inhalation in the treatment of hand-foot-mouth disease of children can promote the temperature recovery and herpes healing of the children with hand-foot-mouth disease, and the therapeutic effect is reliable and safety in clinic is satisfied. So it is worth further researching and widely using in clinic.