目的 比较银杏内生真菌在浙江天目山地区和建德地区以及在同一地区雄株与雌株银杏中的种群结构。方法 利用PDA培养基对采集自天目山地区和建德地区以及天目山地区雄株和雌株的银杏内生真菌分别进行分离、纯化，根据菌株群落的培养特征及5.8S和ITS区片段序列相似性比较和系统发育分析，进行菌株鉴定。结果 从天目山地区和建德地区分别分离得到440、382株内生真菌。天目山地区内生真菌归属到9目、14科、19属、28种；建德地区内生真菌归属到8目、10科、11属、26种。银杏各组织部位内生真菌的数量和种类按由多到少排序：枝条＞树皮＞叶。天目山地区雄株银杏内生真菌在定殖率和菌株个数上均高于雌株银杏。结论 银杏内生真菌具有极其丰富的物种多样性，天目山地区银杏内生真菌在种类和数量上均多于建德地区。天目山地区雌雄株银杏在菌种种类和数量上存在差异，雄株银杏内生真菌在菌种数量上具有一定的优势。

Objective To compare endophytic fungi isolated from Ginkgo biloba in Tianmu Mountain and Jiande area of Zhejiang province, and to compare the male and female plant population structures in Tianmu Mountain. Methods PDA medium was used to separate and purify the endophytic fungi in G. biloba from Tianmu Mountain area and Jiande area, as well as male and female samples in Tianmu Mountain area. The collected endophytic fungi were identified by morphology, 5.8S, and ITS sequences. Results Endophytic fungi (440 strains) were isolated from Tianmu Mountain area and belonged to 28 species, 19 genera, 14 families, and 9 orders, and 382 Strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from Jiande area and belonged to 26 species, 11 genera, 10 families, and 8 orders. The amount and species of endophytic fungi in different tissues of G. biloba ranked from more to less as branch > bark > leaf. In G. biloba of Tianmu Mountain area, the endophytic fungi colonization rate and strain amount of male plants were higher than those in female plants. Conclusion Endophytic fungi from G. biloba show a great diversity. The endophytic fungi amount and species from G. biloba in Tianmu Mountain area are more than those in Jiande area. There are also differences in endophytic fungi amount and species between male and female G. biloba in Tianmu Mountain area.