目的 建立一测多评法同时定量测定乌头类药材中6种乌头类生物碱。方法 采用高效液相色谱法同时测定乌头类药材中6种生物碱，以乌头碱为内参物，测定其与次乌头碱、新乌头碱、苯甲酰乌头原碱、苯甲酰次乌头原碱、苯甲酰新乌头原碱的相对校正因子，利用乌头碱和相对校正因子对其他5种生物碱成分进行测定，同时利用外标法测定这6种成分，比较两种测定方法的差异，验证一测多评法的可行性和准确性。结果 在一定线性范围内，乌头碱与次乌头碱、新乌头碱、苯甲酰乌头原碱、苯甲酰次乌头原碱和苯甲酰新乌头原碱的相对校正因子分别为0.780、1.008、0.836、0.907、0.987，在不同实验条件下相对校正因子重现性良好，不同乌头类药材中6种生物碱成分含量计算值与实测值间无显著性差异。结论 一测多评法在乌头类药材及制剂质量控制中应用是可行的、准确的。

Objective To establish a quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS) for the simultaneous determination of six alkaloids in the herbs of Aconitum L. species. Methods An HPLC method was established to determine the six alkaloids (aconitine, hypaconitine, mesaconitine, benzoylaconine, benzoylhypaconine, and benzoylmesaconine). Using aconitine and five relative correction factors (RCFs), the contents of the five other alkaloids in all samples were calculated by their RCFs, which were compared with those determined by the external standard method. The feasibility and accuracy of QAMS method were verified. Results Within a certain range, the RCFs of hypaconitine, mesaconitine, benzoylaconine, benzoylhypaconine, and benzoylmesaconine to aconitine were 0.780, 1.008, 0.836, 0.907, and 0.987, respectively, with the good repeatability in different experimental conditions. There was no significant difference between the QAMS method and the external standard method. Conclusion The QAMS method is feasible and accurate for the quality control of Aconitum L. species and their preparations.