由于血脑屏障的存在，血液中的药物难以进入中枢神经系统。近些年研究表明，经鼻腔给药后，药物可以绕过血脑屏障直接进入脑部，而且其对机体的损伤和副作用都较小，因此经鼻脑靶向给药系统不断受到更多人的关注。首先探讨了药物经鼻入脑的通路及机制，并针对鼻腔给药的不同影响因素提出了相应的优化方案，还介绍了脑靶向性的评价方法，为进一步研究鼻脑靶向制剂提供了参考。

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits the distribution of systemically administered therapeutics to the central nervous system (CNS). Recent researches found that intranasal administration was a non-invasive method of drug delivery which might bypass the BBB to allow therapeutic substances direct access to the CNS with little body injury and side effects. So the intranasal delivery to CNS has attracted people’s attention. This review focuses on the current understanding of the mechanisms and potential pathways underlying the intranasal delivery to the CNS, puts forward several methods to optimize the system considering the factors, and introduces the evaluation methods of brain targeting to propel the research of the system.

中药制药过程新技术国家重点实验室开放基金课题（SKL2010M0302）；北京中医药大学复方中药制药研究创新团队（2011-CXTD-13）；北京中医药大学自主课题项目（2011-JYBZZ-JS048，2011JYB22XS-063）