目的 分离提取穿龙薯蓣内生真菌，筛选能够发酵提高穿山龙药材中薯蓣皂苷元的菌种。方法 采用PDA培养基分离纯化穿龙薯蓣内生真菌，将内生真菌与121 ℃湿热灭菌后的穿山龙药材粗粉在28 ℃条件下固体发酵培养15 d，以HPLC法测定发酵物中薯蓣皂苷元，并与穿山龙原药材、灭菌空白药材以及未经灭菌药材的发酵物进行比较。结果 分离筛选的穿龙薯蓣内生真菌C39能够稳定提高灭菌后穿山龙药材中薯蓣皂苷元的水平，提高幅度达原药材的70%～75%。结论 采用固体发酵的方法可以使穿龙薯蓣内生真菌C39稳定提高穿山龙药材中薯蓣皂苷元。

Objective To isolate and screen the endophytes from Dioscorea nipponica for increasing the diosgenin content in the dried rhizome by fermentation. Methods The endophytes were isolated and purified from D. nipponica in PDA culture medium. The raw powder of Dioscoreae Nippponicae Rhizoma was sterilized by moist and heat condition at 121 ℃, then fermented with the endophytes at 28 ℃ for 15 d. The diosgenin contents in the fermentation products were analyzed by HPLC and further compared with those of dried raw rhizome, sterilized dried rhizome, and the unsterilized fermented rhizome. Results The endophyte C39 isolated from D. nipponica increased the diosgenin content in sterilized dried Dioscoreae Nippponicae Rhizoma steadily in 70%—75% compared with the raw rhizome. Conclusion Endophyte C39 could increase the diosgenin content in Dioscoreae Nippponicae Rhizoma by solide fermentation.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81274009）；教育部博士点专项基金资助项目（博导类20112327110003）；黑龙江中医药大学教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目（S201101）