目的 对肾损伤分子1（KIM-1）预测顺铂诱导的大鼠急性肾损伤进行研究。方法 以顺铂为工具药，诱导大鼠急性肾损伤模型。采集尿样、肾组织样本，对肾组织样本进行病理切片检查，以确定造模是否成功。用ELISA法测定尿样中KIM-1蛋白含量；RT-PCR法检测大鼠肾脏KIM-1基因表达水平；Western blotting法检测大鼠肾组织中KIM-1的蛋白含量，并通过免疫组化法定性定位分析大鼠肾组织中KIM-1蛋白表达情况，以确定急性肾损伤发生时KIM-1是否可以作为敏感的检测指标。结果 当模型组大鼠肾脏皮髓交界处出现程度不等的肾小管扩张，肾小管上皮细胞变性、坏死脱落，基底膜裸露等病理改变时，ELISA法检测尿KIM-1，RT-PCR法和Western blotting法检测肾组织中的KIM-1表达水平均明显升高，免疫组化显示模型组所有大鼠在肾皮髓交界部位可见大量的染色阳性的肾小管，该染色阳性区域与组织病理学检查中的异常肾小管分布区域基本一致。结论 KIM-1可作为一种敏感的生物标志物对顺铂诱导的大鼠急性肾损伤进行预测。

Objective To confirm the predictive role of kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) on cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in rats. Methods Cisplatin was used to induce the acute kidney injury in rats. Urine and kidney tissues were collected, and the pathological examination of kidney tissue was used to determine if the model was successfully established. ELISA method was used to determine KIM-1 protein content in urinary, while RT-PCR, Western blotting and qualitative immunohistochemistry were taken to examine the gene expression in kidney tissues, to evaluate the expression of KIM-1, and to determine the level of KIM-1, and to analyze the expression of KIM-1 in kidney tissues, respectively, so as to confirm whether KIM-1 was a sensitive biomarker in the prediction of acute kidney injuries or not. Results The pathological changes occurred in the cortico-medullary junction of the model rats and characterized with tubular dilatation, and the epithelial cells of renal tubulars showed degeneration, necrosis, and basement membrane exposed. The expression of KIM-1 was significantly increased according to the results of ELISA, RT-PCR, and Western blotting, respectively. Meanwhile, a larger amount of positive staining of renal tubulars could be observed in the cortico-medullary junction of the kidney. The areas of the positive staining are basically the same as that of the HE staining. Conclusion KIM-1 could be used as a predictive biomarker in the cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in rats.

国家重大新药创制科技重大专项（2012ZX09505001-001）