近年来，中药以其显著的临床疗效，在肝癌的治疗中发挥着不可替代的作用，中西医结合治疗肝癌已成为其临床治疗中的一种重要手段。通过综述近年来中药治疗肝癌方面的相关实验研究文献，中药抗肝癌的主要活性成分为多糖类（真菌多糖；植物多糖等）、黄酮类（黄酮和黄酮醇；黄烷酮醇；异黄酮；查耳酮等）、皂苷类（三萜皂苷；甾体皂苷）、萜类（倍半萜；二萜；三萜；多萜等）和挥发油、生物碱类（异喹啉生物碱；甾体生物碱等）。

Because of the significant therapeutic effect, Chinese materia medica (CMM) plays an important and irreplaceable role in the treatment of hepatoma nowadays. Through reviewing the recent researches, the main active constituents with anti-hepatoma activity are polysaccharides (fungus polysaccharose and plant polysaccharides), flavonoids (flavone and flavonol, flavanonol, isoflavone, and chalcone), saponins (triterpenoid saponin and steroid saponin), terpenoid (sesquiterpene, diterpene, triterpene, and polyterpene), volatile oil, and alkaloids (isoquinoline alkaloid and steroid alkaloid).