目的 拆方研究三物白散各药味组合对“寒痰证”的祛痰作用，探讨方中药味配伍机制。方法 通过冰水浴和灌胃冰水的方法制备小鼠“寒痰证”模型，通过气管酚红排泌实验模型，比较各组合的祛痰作用，并利用计算机辅助层级聚类分析，探讨三物白散拆方后各药味组合机制。结果 三物白散全方、巴豆配伍桔梗和巴豆配伍贝母具有显著祛痰作用（P＜0.05），单用巴豆则无明显祛痰作用。层级聚类结果显示含巴豆与不含巴豆的组合为不同的作用类型，配伍巴豆的实验组祛痰作用明显增强。结论 三物白散方中巴豆需配伍桔梗或贝母后表现出较强的祛痰作用。

Objective To study the expectorant effect on ‘cold sputum syndrome’ of different formula combinations of different ingredients in Sanwubai Powder through prescription-separated method and further to explore compatibility mechanism. Methods The ice-water bath and ig administration of ice-water were combined to make ‘cold sputum syndrome’ pharmacological model firstly, and then the expectorant effect of each group administrated with different formula combinations was compared by phenolsulfonphthalein excretion of mouse trachea. Finally, the compatibility mechanism of Sanwubai Powder was investigated using computer-assisted cluster analysis. Results Whole prescription group, groups of Crotonis Fructus compatibility with Platycodonis Radix and with Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus appeared significant expectorant effects (P<0.05), while there was no significant effect to in single Crotonis Fructus group. Expectorant effects of groups with or without Crotonis Fructus were differentiated by hierarchical cluster method. It was the fact that effects of groups with Crotonis Fructus were significantly improved. Conclusion Effective expectorant effects could be exerted for Crotonis Fructus only by combination of either Platycodonis Radix or Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus in different formula combinations of Sanwubai Powder.