三尖杉属植物是主要的抗癌药用植物，三尖杉碱类化合物是其主要活性成分，主要来源于植物组织培养、化学合成、内生真菌等手段。这些生物碱有很强的抗肿瘤作用，其机制主要有抑制蛋白基因的表达、诱导细胞分化和凋亡等；因药理作用比较明显，临床上用于急、慢性白血病以及红斑狼疮等疾病的治疗。对三尖杉碱类化合物的来源和药理作用及临床应用方面的研究进展进行综述。

The plants in Cephalotaxus Sieb. et Zucc. are very important medicinal plants with the significant anticancer activity. They have cephalotaxines as main alkaloids which can be obtained by many kinds of ways, such as plant tissue culture, chemical synthesis, and by means of endophytic fungi as well. These alkaloids have strong antitumor effect and the main mechanisms of them are inhibitory protein gene expression and induction of the cell differentiation and apoptosis. Because of their obvious pharmacological effects, they could be used to treat the patients with the acute and chronic diseases such as leukemia and lupus erythematosus in clinic. In this paper the recent progresses in the research of chemical resourse, pharmacological activities and clinical applications of the cephalotaxines are reviewed.