目的 研究雷公藤对右旋葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）诱导的溃疡性结肠炎（UC）小鼠的干预作用，并分析对其肠道菌群的影响，初步探讨其作用机制。方法 建立DSS诱导的UC小鼠动物模型，实验分为对照组、模型组、美沙拉嗪组及雷公藤低、高剂量组。观察给药后小鼠的疾病活动指数（DAI）、结肠长度、结肠厚度、结肠病变大体评分、结肠组织病理学评分，检测小鼠血清中的肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）水平，并通过高通量测序法检测小鼠肠道菌群的变化。结果 雷公藤给药后可有效减轻小鼠结肠炎症状，降低炎症因子表达，对UC小鼠有较好的治疗作用；菌群测序结果显示模型组小鼠与对照组小鼠相比肠道菌群紊乱，菌群丰度降低，经雷公藤治疗之后，肠道菌群的恢复速度加快，与模型组相比，肠道菌群的多样性明显提高，门水平上主要表现为拟杆菌门比例降低，硬壁菌门的升高；属水平上主要表现为毛螺菌和拟杆菌属的减少。结论 雷公藤可以调节UC小鼠菌群的组成，加快菌群的恢复，对UC小鼠有较好的治疗作用。

Objective To investigate the effect of Tripterygium wilfordii on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) mice, analyze its effects on its intestinal flora, and explore its mechanism. Methods Animal models of UC mice induced by DSS were established and divided into control group (Con), model group (Mod), mesalazine group (Mes), low dose group of T. wilfordii (RT1) and high dose group of T. wilfordii (RT2). The disease activity index (DAI), colon length, colon thickness, colon lesion gross score, colon histopathology score, and TNF-α and IL-6 cytokine expression levels in the serum of the mice were determined. The changes of intestinal flora in mice were detected by high-throughput sequencing, and the mechanism of action of T. wilfordii on UC mice was discussed. Results After administration of T. wilfordii, it effectively alleviated colonic inflammatory symptoms and reduced the expression of inflammatory factors in mice, and had a good therapeutic effect on UC mice. The sequencing results of the flora showed that the mice in the Mod group were more disordered than the Nor group, and the abundance of the bacteria was reduced. After treatment with T. wilfordii, the recovery rate of intestinal flora was accelerated. Compared with Mod group, the diversity of intestinal flora was significantly improved. The level of portal was mainly decreased by the proportion of Bacteroidetes, and the increase of Firmicutes. The genus was mainly characterized by a decrease in the genus Lachnospiraceae and Bacteroides. Conclusion T. wilfordii can regulate the composition of UC mouse flora, accelerate the recovery of flora, and have a good therapeutic effect on UC mice.

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首都卫生发展科研专项项目（首发2016-4-2024）；北京市中医药科技项目（QN2014-18）；首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院“种子计划”项目（YYZZ2018A02）