目的 探讨不同干燥方式对药材质量的影响，筛选积雪草适宜干燥方法。方法 分别采用热风干燥、晒干、晒半干后热风干燥、阴干、微波以及真空干燥对积雪草全草鲜品进行干燥加工，并测定干燥时间和折干率；参考药典方法对积雪草药材性状特征、鉴别、检查、浸出物含量进行分析；采用HPLC法测定样品中积雪草苷、羟基积雪草苷、积雪草酸、羟基积雪草酸、山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷、山柰酚和槲皮素的含量；并采用加权评分法进行多指标综合评价排序。结果 不同干燥方法耗时差异大，其中晒干、阴干和50℃真空干燥超过100 h，微波干燥低至1.5 h；折干率均值为24.83%；不同干燥方法对药材性状影响主要反映在色泽和气味，其中50~70℃热风干燥色泽较佳，为浅绿色，80、85℃热风干燥和微波干燥气味也发生了显著变化；水分和灰分含量虽有一定差异，但均符合药典标准；干燥方法对浸出物也有一定影响，晒干方式的浸出物含量达到最大，为45.70%，阴干方式的浸出物含量最小，为29.67%；HPLC法测定的7个有效成分含量总和最高的是较为温和的干燥方式阴干，为83.032 mg/g，最低的为75℃热风干燥，为40.982 mg/g；羟基积雪草苷和积雪草苷总和含量最高的为80℃热风干燥，最低的为75℃热风干燥；加权评分排在前3位的分别为70℃热风干燥、晒半干后50℃热风干燥、50℃热风干燥，85℃热风干燥排在末位。结论 积雪草产地的适宜干燥方法为70℃热风干燥。

Objective To explore the effects of different drying methods on the quality of medicinal materials, and screen out the optimal drying process of Centella asiatica. Methods The whole fresh grass of C. asiatica were dried by hot air, drying in the sun, drying in the sun and hot air combined, drying in the shade, microwave and vacuum respectively. Meanwhile, the drying time and rate were determined. The characters, identification, inspection, and leachable content of C. asiatica were analyzed by the method of pharmacopoeia. The content of asiaticoside, madecassoside, asiatic acid, madecassic acid, kaempferol-3-O-tutinoside, kaempferol, and quercetin were detected by HPLC analysis; The weighted scoring method was used to sort the comprehensive evaluation of multiple indexes. Results Different drying methods consume different time, among which drying in the sun, shade and drying at 50℃ for more than 100 h, and the average drying rate was 24.83%. The effects of different drying methods on the properties of medicinal materials are mainly reflected in color and odor, among which 50-70℃ hot air drying had a better color, which was light green, and the odor of hot air drying and microwave drying at 80℃ and 85℃ also changed significantly. Although there were some differences in moisture and ash content, both of them met the pharmacopoeia standards. The drying method also had certain effects on the leachable, the maximum was 45.70%, and the minimum content of dry extract was 29.67%. The highest content of the total active ingredient was determined by HPLC using the method of drying in the shade, which was 83.032 mg/g, and the lowest was is 75℃ hot air drying, which was 40.982 mg/g. The highest total content of madecassoside and asiaticoside was 80℃ hot air drying, and the lowest was 75℃ hot air drying. Weighted score in the top three of line was 70℃, dried at 50℃ after drying in the sun, hot air drying at 50℃, and 85℃ hot air drying ranked the bottom. Conclusion In summary, the suitable drying method for the production area of C. asiatica was 70℃ hot air drying.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81560712）；国家重点实验室开放课题“黔科合平台人才”（[2017]5101）；贵州省中药民族药2011协同创新中心项目（黔教科研发[2012]311号）