目的 基于多元统计方法分析不同批次半夏白术天麻汤差异的标志性成分，辨识质量标志物（Q-marker）。方法 建立18批半夏白术天麻汤活性部位的HPLC指纹图谱，采用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统（2012A版）对指纹图谱数据进行处理，使用SPSS 20.0进行系统聚类分析和主成分分析（PCA），根据PCA结果再进行聚类分析，筛选出可能影响半夏白术天麻汤质量差异的标志性成分，并测定样品中其含量。结果 选取了12个色谱峰作为指纹图谱共有峰，18批样品的相似度计算结果均大于0.900，说明各批次有较好的一致性；通过聚类分析可将18批样品聚为3类，由PCA结果筛选出5个标志性色谱峰，其中2个色谱峰鉴定为天麻素、柚皮苷，将这5个标志性色谱峰再进行聚类分析与之前结果基本一致，18批样品主成分综合得分与天麻素、柚皮苷的含量测定结果存在相关性。结论 通过多元统计方法能够较好地辨识影响半夏白术天麻汤差异的标志性成分，为进一步半夏白术天麻汤差异成分与药效关联研究提供参考，为半夏白术天麻汤的Q-marker及全面质量控制奠定基础。

Objective To identify the quality markers (Q-marker) for Baizhu Tianma Decoction from different batches based on multivariate statistical analysis. Methods The fingerprint data of 18 batches of Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction were processed by the Similarity Evaluation System of Chromatographic Fingerprints of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2012A Edition). SPSS 20.0 was used for cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). According to PCA results, cluster analysis was carried out to screen out the markers that might affect the quality difference of Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction and determine its content in the samples. Results A total of 12 chromatographic peaks were selected as common peaks of fingerprint, and the similarity of 18 batches of samples was greater than 0.900, which indicated that each batch had good consistency. Eighteen batches of samples were clustered into three groups by cluster analysis. Five marker peaks were screened out from PCA results. Two of them were identified as gastrodin and naringin. The five marker peaks were further clustered and the results were basically the same as before. There was a certain correlation between the comprehensive score of principal components and the determination results of gastrodin and naringin in 18 batches of samples. Conclusion Through multivariate statistical analysis, the Q-markers that may affect the difference of Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction were better identified, which can lay the foundation for the comprehensive quality control of Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction and its compound preparations, and provide reference for the further study of the correlation between the different components and pharmacodynamics of Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction.

山东省中医药科技发展计划项目（2017-136）；山东省重点研发计划项目（2017CXGC1308）；山东省泰山学者工程专项（ts201511107）