骨髓造血生态位是造血干、祖细胞赖以生存的场所，不仅关系到机体造血机能的正常运转，而且其稳态失调及异常可诱发多种血液疾病，甚至可被诸如白血病干细胞等恶性细胞病态适配，以致预后严重不良，因此对骨髓生态位的调控与构建具有重要意义。概述了骨髓造血生态位的构成与生理病理基础，从中药活性组分与中药复方的调控展开，对复方药物组成和药效靶点进行图形分析，结合血液病临床，将分散研究加以整合与总结，以期为中医药对血液病的研究和治疗提供新的方向与视角。

The bone marrow hematopoietic niche is the place where hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors survive. It is not only related to the hematopoiesis function, but also its steady-state disorders and abnormalities can induce a variety of hematologic diseases, which will even be adapted by malignant cells such as leukemia stem cells, so as to cause seriously poor prognosis. Therefore, it is of great significance to the regulation and construction of the bone marrow niche. In this review, we outline the composition, physiological and pathological basis of bone marrow hematopoietic niche, from the regulation of Chinese materia medica components and TCM formula to graphically analyze the target and effect of drug efficacy. Then, combined with the clinical practice for integrating and summarizing decentralized research, aiming to provide new directions and perspectives for the TCM research and treatment of hematologic diseases.

国家自然科学基金面上项目（81673968）；教育部博士学科点新教师基金（20092327120001）；黑龙江省博士后科研启动金（LBH-Q14153）；哈尔滨市科学技术局资助项目（2014RFQGJ128）