目的 对疏风解毒胶囊进行拆方研究，研究清热解毒组分、解表组分及其配伍组合分别对急性肺炎模型大鼠血清免疫系统的影响，从而分析疏风解毒胶囊配伍合理性。方法 疏风解毒胶囊拆分成解表组分及清热解毒组分进行配伍合理性研究，采用肺炎链球菌致大鼠肺炎模型，观察疏风解毒胶囊全方及拆方对肺炎大鼠外周血淋巴细胞分类、血清免疫球蛋白水平、血清补体蛋白3（C3）水平、血管舒缓激肽（BK）水平、单核细胞趋化蛋白1（MCP-1）水平、免疫器官质量、肺脏质量的影响，运用金氏公式分析全方及拆方的相互关系。结果 疏风解毒胶囊全方、解表组分、清热解毒组分均能显著降低肺炎大鼠B淋巴细胞比例，升高CD4⁺/CD8⁺，全方、解表组分能显著升高自然杀伤（NK）细胞比例、降低CD8⁺比例，解表组分及清热解毒组分在B淋巴细胞比例及NK细胞比例2个指标上具有协同作用；疏风解毒胶囊全方能显著降低血清IgM水平，全方组及解表组大鼠血清IgG水平降低；疏风解毒胶囊全方组、清热解毒组大鼠血清BK、MCP-1水平显著降低，解表组大鼠血清MCP-1水平显著降低；疏风解毒胶囊全方、解表组分能显著减少肺炎大鼠胸腺、脾脏、肺脏质量，清热解毒组分能显著减少肺脏质量，在此器官质量3项指标上，解表组分及清热解毒组分具有协同作用。结论 疏风解毒胶囊对肺炎链球菌感染的大鼠有显著的治疗作用，显著减少血清IgM、IgG、BK、MCP-1水平，有显著的调节免疫功能的作用；在此模型上解表组分和清热解毒组分有显著的协同作用，主要体现在B淋巴细胞比例、NK细胞比例及胸腺、脾脏、肺脏质量等指标。

Objective In this study, we disassembled the prescription of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule to research the effects of the heat-clearing and detoxifying component, the relieving exterior component and their compatibility on the serum immune system of rats with acute pneumonia respectively, so as to analyze the compatibility rationality of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule. Methods Shufeng Jiedu Capsule was divided into two components to study the compatibility rationality, which were relieving exterior component and heat-clearing and detoxifying component. The pneumonia model rats induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae was used to observe the effects of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule and its ingredients on peripheral blood lymphocyte classification, serum immunoglobulin level, serum complement protein 3 (C3), vascular bradykinin (BK), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), weight of immune organ and lung of pneumonia rats. The relationship between the Shufeng Jiedu Capsule and its decomposing agent was analyzed by Kim's formula. Results The whole prescription, the relieving exterior component and the heat clearing and detoxifying component significantly reduced the proportion of B lymphocyte, and increased CD4⁺/CD8⁺. The whole prescription and the relieving exterior component significantly increased the proportion of NK cells and decreased the proportion of CD8⁺. The Q values of rats in the whole prescription group were more than 1 on two indicators, which were the proportion of B lymphocyte and proportion of NK cell. The whole prescription significantly reduced the content of IgM. The whole prescription and relieving exterior component significantly reduced the content of IgG. The content of BK and MCP-1 in the whole prescription and the heat-clearing and detoxifying component was significantly decreased, and the content of MCP-1 in relieving exterior component was significantly decreased. The weight of thymus, spleen, and lung was significantly reduced by the whole prescription and the relieving exterior component. The weight of lung was significantly reduced by the heat clearing and detoxifying component. Relieving exterior component and the heat clearing and detoxifying component had synergistic effect on the weight of the three organs. Conclusion Shufeng Jiedu Capsule had significant therapeutic effect on Streptococcus pneumoniae infected rats, and significantly regulated immune function by reducing the levels of serum IgM, IgG, BK, and MCP-1. In this model, the relieving exterior component and the heat clearing and detoxifying component have significant synergistic effects, which are mainly reflected in the following indicators:B lymphocyte ratio, NK cell ratio, weight of thymus, spleen, and lung.

国家中药标准化专项资助（ZYBZH-C-AH-02）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（81430096）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（81703802）