[关键词]
[摘要]
目的 依据国内甘草种质主要的形态性状和化学成分,对其遗传多样性进行综合分析。方法 收集移植于同一地点的42份多年生甘草种质的12个地上部分性状和5种化学成分含量,计算其遗传多样性指数和变异系数,运用聚类分析和主成分分析进行统计分析。结果 5种化学成分中,甘草苷含量的遗传多样性指数最高为2.05,异甘草苷含量的变异系数最大为99.50%,甘草苷含量与异甘草苷含量呈中度相关关系;在12个形态性状中,株高的遗传多样性指数最高为2.08,实际果序长的变异系数最大为37.09%,果型和株型性状的变异大于叶型性状;聚类分析将42份种质分为3类,第Ⅱ类群种质品质较优;主成分分析将17个指标简化为6个因子,累积贡献率为72.96%,因子6为代表甘草酸、甘草苷、异甘草苷的因子。结论 甘草种质主要形态性状和化学成分的遗传多样性较为丰富,筛选出V08、V10、V17、V34、V36、V38共6个品质优异的甘草种质。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Objective Based on the main morphological traits and chemical constituents of 42 Glycyrrhiza uralensis germplasm in China, the genetic diversity of them was analyzed comprehensively. Methods Twelve morphological traits and five kinds of chemical components of G. uralensis germplasm transplanted in the same place were collected. The genetic diversity index and coefficient of variation were calculated, using cluster analysis and principal component analysis for statistical analysis. Results Among the five chemical constituents, the highest genetic diversity index of liquiritin content was 2.05; The maximum coefficient of variation of isoliquiritin content was 99.50%; The content of liquiritin was moderately correlated with the content of isoliquiritin. Among 12 morphological traits, the highest genetic diversity index of plant height was 2.08, and the maximum coefficient of variation of actual fruit sequence was 37.09%. The variation of fruit type and plant type was greater than that of leaf type. Cluster analysis divided 42 germplasms into three types, and the second group had better germplasm quality. The principal component analysis reduced 17 indicators to six factors, with a cumulative contribution rate of 72.96%. Factor 6 was a factor that represents glycyrrhizic acid, liquiritin, and isoliquiritin. Conclusion The genetic diversity of the main morphological traits and chemical constituents of 42 G. uralensis germplasms is rich, and six excellent germplasms are V08, V10, V17, V34, V36, and V38.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家中药标准化项目(ZYBZH-Y-ZY-45)