目的 优选知母Anemarrhenae Rhizoma产地加工与饮片炮制一体化工艺，为实现知母产地加工与饮片炮制一体化提供科学依据。方法 采用单因素实验结合正交试验法对一体化加工工艺中鲜药的烘制温度、切制时药材含水量、切片厚度、饮片烘干温度4个影响因素进行考察，以知母中指标性成分知母皂苷B-II、芒果苷含量及饮片外观性状为考察指标，采用综合评分法进行评价，优选知母产地加工工艺。以酵母致热大鼠模型体温变化为指标，比较2种工艺所得饮片的解热作用；以链脲佐菌素（STZ）致糖尿病大鼠模型的血糖值、胰岛素含量、糖化血清蛋白含量为指标，比较2种工艺所得饮片的降糖作用。结果 知母于50℃条件烘制11 h（药材含水量45%～50%），于滚筒中撞去毛，脱毛时间30 min，切4 mm厚片，于50℃条件下烘干为最佳加工工艺；一体化工艺饮片指标性成分含量及降糖作用与《中国药典》2015年版传统工艺饮片相比无显著性差异，解热作用略优于传统饮片。结论 本实验所优选的知母产地加工与饮片炮制一体化工艺切实可行，适合产业化生产。

Objective To optimize the method for integration of field processing and crude drug preparation of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (AR) and to provide scientific evidence for the procedure of AR. Methods Four main factors including drying temperature of the fresh herbal medicine, the water content of the medicine, thickness of the products, and the drying temperature of decoction pieces were studied by using single factor experiment and orthogonal test. The content of timosaponin B-Ⅱ and mangiferin and the appearance of the products were selected as evaluation indexes to optimize the integral processing of AR by using comprehensive evaluating method. The changing of the body temperature of yeast-induced rat model was used to compare the antipyretic activity between the two processing technologies (the integration technology and traditional technology). The content of the blood glucose, insulin, and glycosylated serum proteins (GSP) in the blood of the STZ-induced diabetic rat model were selected as the evaluation indexes to compare the hypoglycemic activity between the two processing technologies. Results AR was dried at 50℃ for 11 h (water content of medicinal materials was 45%-50%), and then the flosses were knocked off in the drum for 30 min. The results showed that 40-50℃ was the best drying temperature, 45%-50% was the best water content, and then unhairing process were conducted for AR for 30 min. The thickness of the slice was 4 mm and the best drying temperature was 50℃. There were no significant differences in chemical composition and hypoglycemic activity between the integration technology and traditional technology, while the antipyretic effect of the integrated processing was better than that of the traditional technology. Conclusion The technology of integration of field processing and crude drug processing is feasible and it can be used in industrial production.

2015年度中医药行业科研专项项目（201507002-18）；安徽省高校科研创新平台团队（中药饮片产地加工与炮制一体化关键技术研究创新团队）建设项目（2015TD035）；国家中药标准化建设项目：白芷等5种中药饮片标准化建设（ZYBZH-Y-AH-02）