目的 以连续2年收集于不同产地的槐米样品为材料，建立槐米HPLC指纹图谱，并采用HPLC法同时测定5种黄酮类组分含量，结合总黄酮含量及抗氧化能力评价不同产地槐米的品质。方法 采用HPLC法和分光光度法对已收集54份槐米样品的芦丁、槲皮素、染料木素、山柰酚、异鼠李素和总黄酮组分含量及DPPH、羟自由基、超氧阴离子清除能力和脂质过氧化抑制能力等指标进行测定，运用相似度、聚类分析、主成分分析方法综合分析不同产地槐米的品质。结果 建立了HPLC指纹图谱，样品组分分离良好，方法学考察均符合要求，共有峰28个，确定了峰面积之和占共有峰总峰面积80%以上的5个组分；以总黄酮和5个黄酮类组分的含量以及4个抗氧化能力指标为依据，将54份样品进行聚类分析和主成分分析，两者结果一致，不同产地的样品没有表现出显著的地域特性。结论 HPLC结合化学计量学及抗氧化能力可准确、综合地对槐米进行品质评价，通过分析表明不同生产年度同一产地间的样品品质有差异，同一生产年度不同产地间样品品质有差异，说明槐米品质受气候的影响；还表明同一生产年度同一产地的不同样品品质也有差异，充分说明了槐米的品质也受关键生产技术环节的影响。

Objective Taking Flos Sophorae Immaturus (FSI) samples from different habitats in two years as materials, to establish the HPLC fingerprint of FSI, determine the contents of five kinds of flavonoids by HPLC, and evaluate the quality of FSI from different habitats according to the total flavonoids contents and anti-oxidant ability. Methods Total flavonoids, rutin, quercetin, genistein, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, DPPH, hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anion radicals, lipid peroxidation of 54 pieces of FSI samples were determined by HPLC and spectrophotometry. The quality of FSI from different areas were analyzed by similarity, clustering analysis, and principal component analysis method. Results HPLC fingerprint was established and all samples could be separated well. All the indexes of the methodological investigation arrived the requirements, and 28 common peaks in fingerprints were found, five characteristic peaks whose total peak area is more than 80% of the common peak area were identified, respectively. Based on the contents of total flavonoids, five flavonoids, and four anti-oxidative ability, 54 pieces of samples were analyzed by cluster analysis and principal component analysis. The results were the same, which did not show obvious geographical characters from different samples. Conclusion HPLC combined with chemometric method and anti-oxidant ability is accurate and comprehensive for the quantitative analysis of FSI. The quality of FSI samples from the same growing areas in different growing years and from different growing areas in the same growing year were different, which showed that the quality of FSI was affected by climate. Different samples from the same growing area in the same year were different, which showed that the quality of FSI also was affected by key producing technology.

中央本级重大增减支项目（2060302）；重庆市林业重点科技攻关项目（2016-14）；国家中药材产业技术体系（CARS-21）；重庆市中药材产业技术体系建设项目（2018[5]号）