动物药材在传统中药应用中有着极为重要的地位，是中药的重要组成部分，被认为具有活性强、潜力大和应用广等优势。随着人们对动物药材需求量的不断增大，市场上大量出现伪品、劣品和混淆品的现象严重影响了动物药材的使用效果和质量评价工作；同时动物药材在鉴别和质量评价方面研究也比植物类中药发展缓慢、体系薄弱，特别是缺乏特色和专属的鉴定指标与评价手段。因此，如何构建和完善动物药材质量评价体系尤为重要，将成为今后研究的重点和热点工作。对动物药材鉴别和质量评价方法研究进展现状进行概述，对构建其质量评价体系中存在的问题和挑战进行合理建议和分析，为动物药材质量评价体系的构建和完善研究提供参考和新思路。

Animal-derived medicinal materials as the integral part play an extremely important role in the application of Chinese material medica (CMM), which are considered to have the advantages of strong activity, great potential, and wide applications. With the increasing demands for animal-derived medicinal materials, a large number of counterfeit, inferior, and confusing products have appeared in the market, which has seriously affected the use and quality evaluation of animal-derived medicinal materials. At the same time, the research development on identification and quality evaluation of animal-derived medicinal materials is slower than that of plant-derived medicinal materials, and the system is weak, especially lacking of characteristic and exclusive identification index and evaluation means. Therefore, how to establish and perfect the quality evaluation system of animal-derived medicinal materials is particularly important and will become the focus and hot work in the future. In this paper, the research progress of animal-derived medicinal materials identification and quality evaluation methods is summarized, and the problems and challenges in constructing its quality evaluation system are analyzed, so as to provide reference and new ideas for the establishment and improvement of animal medicine quality evaluation system.