目的 比较野生与移栽黄芪化学成分及抗心衰药效差异。方法 利用HPLC-UV-ELSD联用技术测定黄芪样本中黄酮及皂苷成分的含量；采用ip阿霉素方法复制心衰大鼠模型，比较野生芪与移栽芪对心衰大鼠传统药效指标及代谢组学指标的干预作用。结果 野生芪中总黄酮、黄芪皂苷I及黄芪皂苷Ⅲ含量显著高于移栽芪，但总皂苷含量相当。药效学实验结果表明野生芪与移栽芪均能改善大鼠一般情况、组织病理学、心功能参数、血清生化指标及B型脑钠肽（BNP）水平；但与模型组相比，野生芪对心功能参数[射血分数（EF）、左室短轴缩短率（FS）和左室收缩末期内径（LVIDs）]、生化指标肌酸激酶（CK）和血清BNP含量的干预作用优于移栽芪，且表现出显著差异。主成分分析结果显示，对照组和模型组的代谢轮廓明显区分，并鉴定了14个与心衰相关的潜在生物标志物，野生芪与移栽芪均能不同程度地回调其中14个标志物，2-羟基异丁酸、谷氨酸、丙酮酸盐、甲酸盐代谢物在野生芪组中变化率较大。结论 野生芪对心力衰竭大鼠的干预作用显著优于移栽芪，可为黄芪精细化商品等级规格标准的建立、临床合理用药和制药企业分类选择黄芪原料提供科学依据。

Objective To compare the chemical composition and the pharmaceutical effect of anti-heart failure of wild commodity Astragali Radix (WAR) and cultivated Astragali Radix (CAR).Methods The contents of flavonoids and saponins in Astragali Radix samples were determined by HPLC-UV-ELSD. The intervention effects of wild commodity and cultivated Astragali Radix on traditional efficacy index and metabolomics were compared in rat model with heart failure induced by adriamycin.Results The contents of total flavonoids, saponin I, and saponin Ⅲ in WAR were significantly higher than those in CAR, but the content of total saponins was the equivalent. Pharmacodynamics experimental results showed that both WAR and CAR could improve the general situation in rats, histopathology, cardiac function parameters, serum biochemical indicators, and BNP. However, compared with the model group, the intervention effects of the WAR on cardiac function parameters (EF, FS, and LVIDs), biochemical markers (CK) and serum BNP content were superior to the CAR, and showed significant differences. The principal component analysis showed that the metabolic profiles of the normal control group and the model group were clearly distinguished. A total of 14 potential biomarkers associated with heart failure were identified, which could be adjusted to varying degrees in WAR and CAR, of which 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid, acetone, pyruvate, and formate were significantly changed in the WAR group.Conclusion In this study, the intervention of WAR in heart failure rats was significantly better than that of CAR, which provided a scientific basis for the establishment of specification grading, the clinical rational drugs use, and the classification of Astragali Radix by pharmaceutical companies for Astragali Radix.

山西省优秀人才科技创新项目（201605D211030，201705D211020）；山西省重点研发计划重点项目（201603D311101）；国家中药标准化项目（ZYBZH-Y-JIN-34）；山西省科技攻关项目（2014ZD0401）