目的 通过UHPLC-Q Exactive轨道肼高分辨质谱技术分析中华苦荬菜与苣荬菜中主要化学成分的异同。方法 采用Agilent Poroshell 120色谱柱（100 mm×3 mm，2.7μm），并以甲醇-0.5%冰醋酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱，体积流量为0.3 mL/min，质谱使用ESI离子源，正、负离子模式扫描采集数据。结果 通过正、负离子质谱信息及元素组成分析，并结合相关文献和对照品数据对照，鉴定出中华苦荬菜中9种化学成分、苣荬菜中10种化学成分；中华苦荬菜与苣荬菜中共有化学成分有9种，其中7种有机酸类和2种黄酮类成分。结论 利用UHPLC-Q Exactive轨道肼高分辨质谱技术，分析中华苦荬菜与苣荬菜中主要化学成分，为控制中华苦荬菜与苣荬菜药材质量及临床应用提供科学依据。

Objective To identify the similarities and differences of the main chemical constituents between Ixeris chinensis and Sonchus brachyotus by UHPLC-Q exactive orbitrap-HRMS. Methods The analysis was performed on an Agilent Poroshell 120 reverse phase column (100 mm×3 mm, 2.7 μm). The mobile phase consisted of methanol and 0.5% acetic acid, which was used for gradient elution, and the flow rate was 0.3 mL/min. Q exactive orbitrap-HRMS spectrometry was applied for the qualitative analysis under positive and negative ion modes, and ESI ion source was used for mass spectra. Results The results indicated that nine compounds from the ethanol extract of I. chinensis and ten compounds from the ethanol extract of S. brachyotus had been identified by direct comparison in both positive and negative ion mass data, the element compositions analysis, and the data of the literature. Among them, there were nine compounds are the same, which were seven organic acids and two flavonoids compounds. Conclusion The efficient separation ability of UHPLC and high sensitive detection of MS were used in this study, which will provide the evidences for evaluating the quality of I. chinensis and S. brachyotus and stabilizing the curative effect in clinic.

山西省科技厅项目（2013072002）；山西省食品药品监督管理局项目（2011023A）