目的 对不同居群野罂粟Papaver nudicaule的全草及不同部位（根、茎、叶、花、果）总生物碱及3种主要生物碱（野罂粟碱、黑龙辛甲醚、瑞芙热米定）进行测定，为野罂粟药材的科学利用与质量评价提供科学依据。方法 采用HPLC-MS-IT-TOF法对野罂粟全草进行定性分析，分别采用溴甲酚绿酸性染料比色法和UPLC-MS法对野罂粟的总生物碱及3种主要生物碱进行定量测定。结果 通过定性分析，初步得到13个生物碱成分，基本确定了其中6个主要生物碱成分；定量分析结果表明，各成分的量均表现出较大的变异性，其中以乌兰布统、黄岗梁和多伦地区的综合品质较好，其中乌兰布统的野罂粟品质最佳；并且其全草和花中所含有的生物碱类成分量最高。结论 评价野罂粟品质特征时建议以总生物碱和野罂粟碱为主要参考指标；建议选择乌兰布统、黄岗梁和多伦开展野罂粟优良品种选育和药材质量标准制定及道地产地规划等研究，而最佳采收期应选在7月下旬至8月上旬为宜，采收部位应选择花和全草。

Objective To determine the qualitities Papaver nudicaule from different populations, a total alkaloid and three main kinds of alkaloids (reframidine, nudicauline, and amurensinine) from different parts, in order to provide a scientific basis for rational utilization and quality evaluation of P. nudicaule. Methods The qualitative and quantitative analysis of P. nudicaule has been conducted based on the method of LCMS-IT-TOF, Bromocresol green acid dye colorimetry and UPLC-MS, respectively. Results From the quantitative analysis, 13 kinds of alkaloids have been analyzed, in which eight kinds of chemical structures have been identified, and the results of quantitative analysis showed that there were greater variabilities in total alkaloid and three main kinds of alkaloids. Comprehensively, the plants grown in WLBT, HGL, and DL were better than other populations, in which the plants grown in WLBT were the best. In addition, the contents of total alkaloid and three main kinds of alkaloids were highly existed in the entire plants and flowers. Conclusion Based on the evaluation of the quality characteristics of P. nudicaule, it is suggested that total alkaloid and nudicauline can be seen as main reference indexes. Additionally, the result suggests that WLBT, HGL, and DL can be chosen to select and breed excellent quality of P. nudicaule, develop the quality standard and make layout of source area. The best harvest time should be chosen in late July to early August, and harvest site should be chosen flowers and whole plants.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81573535）；北京市自然科学基金资助项目（5132013）；北京市科技新星交叉课题（XXJC201604）；国家科技支撑计划（2013BAC09B03-4）；教育部长江学者—创新团队计划（IRT_13R63）