目的 基于偏最小二乘（PLS）法和多指标指数法，比较栀子根不同提取部位醇提物、石油醚部位、醋酸乙酯部位、氯仿部位、正丁醇部位和剩余水提部位对黄疸性肝炎小鼠的保肝退黄作用。方法 栀子根不同提取部位分别设置高、低剂量（9、3 g/kg），分别ig给药，连续7 d，于给药第5天采用α-萘异硫氰酸酯（ANIT）复制小鼠黄疸型肝炎模型，测定血清中丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）、总胆汁酸（TBA）、总胆红素（TBIL）、γ-谷氨酰转移酶（γ-GT）水平，肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平，HE染色观察小鼠肝脏病理学变化，采用PLS法结合多指标指数法比较栀子根各提取部位的总保肝效应。结果 与模型组相比，除石油醚部位高、低剂量组和氯仿部位低剂量组外，栀子根其余各提取部位对某个指标或多个指标均有一定程度的改善作用，对小鼠肝组织病理性损伤有一定减轻，多指标综合评价表明，栀子根醋酸乙酯部位高剂量组保肝退黄效果最好。结论 栀子根醋酸乙酯部位、正丁醇部位有较好抑制黄疸型肝炎的作用，其中以醋酸乙酯高剂量组作用最佳，可能是保肝的活性部位，机制可能与提高清除氧自由基能力、抑制脂质过氧化及增强胆红素代谢、胆汁分泌有关。

Objective To compare the hepatoprotective effects of different extracts in root of Gardenia jasminoides including ethanol extract, petroleum ether fraction, ethyl acetate, chloroform extract, n-butanol extract, and surplus water extract on the jaundice hepatitis mice by the partial least squares (PLS) method and multi index comprehensive evaluation method. Methods Setting up two groups of high and low doses (9 and 3 g/kg) in different extraction sites in root of G. jasminoides respectively, and administered to the stomach for 7 d. Copying a icteric hepatitis model of mice by alpha naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) in 5th d. Then, the alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartic transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT), total bile acid (TBA), total bilirubin (TBIL), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonic dialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) activity were determinated in serum and liver, and pathological changes were observed in mouse liver by HE stain, total hepatoprotective effect of the different extracts in root of G. jasminoides was compared by PLS and multi index comprehensive evaluation method. Results In addition to the high dose group of petroleum ether and low dose group of chloroform, the different extracts in root of G. jasminoides were improved on some indexes or multiple indicators to an extent and compared with the model group, the pathological damage of liver tissue was alleviated obviously, multi index comprehensive evaluation showed that the high dose group of ethyl acetatein root of G. jasminoides had the best hepatoprotective effect. Conclusion The ethyl acetate extract and n-butanol extract in root of G. jasminoides have better inhibitory effect on icteric hepatitis, and the high dose group of ethyl acetate has the best effect, which may be the active site of liver protection, and mechanism may be related to improving the ability of eliminating oxygen free radical, inhibiting lipid peroxidation and enhancing bile bilirubin metabolism and secretion.

国家公益性行业科研专项（201507002）