目的 研究柯拉斯那沉香Aquilaria crassna的倍半萜类化学成分。方法 采用多种柱色谱和高效液相色谱相结合的方法对化合物进行分离纯化；通过波谱数据结合理化性质分析对所得单体化合物的结构进行鉴定；分别采用Ellman比色法和pNPG法对化合物的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性及α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性进行测试。结果 从柯拉斯那沉香的乙醇提取物的醋酸乙酯萃取部分共分离得到7个倍半萜类化合物，分别鉴定为2-[（2β，8β，8aα）-8，8a-dimethyl-1，2，3，4，6，7，8，8a-octahydronaphthalen-2-yl]-3-hydroxy-2-methoxpropanoic acid（1)、2-[（2β，8α，8aα）-8，8a-dimethyl-1，2，3，4，6，7，8，8a-octahydronaphthalen-2-yl]propane-1，2-diol（2)、（1β，3α，4aβ，5β，8aα）-4a，5-dimethyl-3-（prop-1-en-2-yl） octahydronaphthalene-1，8a（1H）-diol（3)、eremophila-9-en-8β，11-diol（4)、eudesma-4-en-8，11-diol（5)、eudesma-4-en-11，15-diol（6)、methyl-15-oxo-eudesmane-4，11（13）-dien-12-oate（7)。活性测试结果表明化合物1、4和5具有乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性，化合物5 具有α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。结论 化合物1为新化合物，命名为柯拉斯那酸A；化合物1~3和7为首次从沉香中分离得到。

Objective To study the chemical constituents of sesquiterpenoids of agarwood from Aquilaria crassna. Methods Seven squiterpenoids were isolated and purified by various column chromatographic techniques and HPLC method. The structures of the compounds were identified through the combined analysis of physicochemical properties and spectral data. The acetylcholinesterase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of compounds were evaluated by Ellman colorimetric method and pNPG method, respectively. Results Seven compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract obtained from 95% aq. ethanol extract of agarwood from Aquilaria crassna and were identified as 2-[(2β,8β,8aα)-8,8a-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,6,7,8,8a-octahydro naphthalen-2-yl]-3-hydroxy-2-methoxpropanoic acid (1), 2-[(2β,8α,8aα)-8,8a-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalen-2-yl] propane-1,2-diol (2), (1β,3α,4aβ,5β,8aα)-4,4a-dimethyl-6 (prop-1-en-2-yl) octahydronaphtha-lene-1,8a(1H)-diol (3), eremophila-9-en-8β,11-diol (4), eudesma-4-en-8,11-diol (5), eudesma-4-en-11,15-diol (6), and methyl-15-oxo-eudesmane-4,11 (13)-dien-12-oate (7). Moreover, compounds 1, 4 and 5 showed acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, and compound 5 exhibited α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound named as crasscid A, and compounds 1-3 and 7 are obtained from agarwood for the first time.

海南省重大科技计划项目（ZDKJ2016004-03）；海南省科协青年科技英才学术创新计划项目（HAST201628）；海南省重点研发项目（ZDYF2016210）；中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金（17CXTD-15，1630052016008）