中药材的品质是保障其疗效和安全性的前提，现行的商品规格是对已有“辨状论质”传统经验的归纳与总结，但随着中药材野生品种的不断引种驯化及大范围人工种植，部分药材的栽培品在性状及品质上已发生了明显改变，造成这些药材在市场流通规格划分及品质鉴别等认识上产生了分歧。以远志Polygalae Radix为例，从其市场流通规格划分现状入手，结合现代品质评价研究，通过查阅文献资料，探讨品系/基原、产地/气候区划、生长年限/采收期及药用部位等对远志药材质量的影响，以期揭示远志药材性状与药材自身品质的相关性，为后续远志药材商品规格行业标准的制定提供理论依据，同时明确今后远志药材品质评价研究的方向。

The quality of Chinese herbal medicine is an important prerequisite for ensuring clinical efficacy and safety. The current commodity specification of medicinal herbs is the summary of the traditional Chinese medicine practitioners' experience of "assessing the quality by distinguishing the features of traditional Chinese medicinal materials". However, with the continuous introduction and acclimatization and large-scale cultivation of wild medicinal herbs, the traits of some medicinal herbs have changed greatly compared with the previous one, resulting in that the market circulation specifications of these medicinal herbs is inconsistent with the current commodity specification. In this paper, by consulting the modern monographs, literatures and so on, we analyzed the market circulation specifications being implementing of Polygalae Radix, combined with the modern quality evaluation methods to explore the effects of strains and base, origin and climate, growth duration and harvesting period and medicinal parts on the quality of P. tenuifolia. This paper reveals the correlation between the traits and quality of Polygalae Radix, furthermore, provides the theoretical basis for setting up the commodity specifications of Polygalae Radix, and determines the future research direction of P. tenuifolia quality assessment.

山西省重点研发计划重点项目（201603D3111003）；山西省应用基础研究项目（201601D011064）；国家中药标准化项目（ZYBZH-Y-JIN-34）；中央本级重大增减支项目“名贵中药资源可持续利用能力建设”（2060302）；山西省科技攻关项目（20140313010-1）；国家科技支撑计划（2011BAI07B05）；地产中药功效物质研究与利用山西省重点实验室（201605D111004）；山西省科技创新重点团队（201605D131045-18）