目的 探讨肾病I号方醋酸乙酯提取物（ethyl acetate extract of Shenbingyihao Decoction，EASD）对肾纤维化大鼠转化生长因子-β₁（TGF-β₁）、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）表达的影响。方法 50只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、洛丁新（洛丁新片1.67 mg/kg）组、肾病I号方（生药18.75 g/kg）组、EASD（EASD，300 mg/kg）组，除假手术组外，其他各组采用单侧输尿管结扎的方法制备单侧输尿管梗阻（UUO）大鼠模型。各组ig给药14 d后处死大鼠，采集血清，检测尿素氮（BUN）和血肌酐（Scr）水平，取肾组织行HE和Masson染色评价肾小管间质纤维化损伤程度，采用免疫组织化学染色方法和实时荧光定量PCR（RT-PCR）法检测TGF-β₁、a-SMA蛋白及mRNA的表达情况。结果 与假手术组比较，模型组和3个给药组大鼠血清Scr、BUN升高（P<0.05），间质纤维化程度加重（P<0.05），肾组织TGF-β₁、a-SMA表达明显增多（P<0.05）。与模型组比较，3个给药组大鼠的血清Scr、BUN下降（P<0.05），肾组织TGF-β₁、a-SMA表达下降（P<0.05）。结论 肾病I号方及EASD能够延缓肾纤维化的发生发展，其作用机制可能是通过下调TGF-β₁、a-SMA的表达，从而达到保护肾脏的作用。

Objective To investigate the effect of ethyl acetate extract of Shenbing No. 1 Decoction (EASD) on the expression of TGF-β₁ and a-SMA in rats with renal fibrosis. Methods Totally 50 SD rats were randomly divided into Sham operation group, unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model group, Lotensin treated group (1.67 mg/kg), Shenbing No. 1 Decoction group (18.75 g/kg) and EASD group (300 mg/kg). A rat model of renal fibrosis was induced by unilateral ureteral ligation. The rats were executed after 14 d. The contents of 24 h urinary protein (24hUP), serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatitine (Scr) were tested. Renal tubular interstitial fibrosis was evaluated by HE staining and Masson staining. The protein expression levels of TGF-β₁ and a-SMA were observed by immunohistochemical method. Quantitative real-time PCR was adopted to inspect the mRNA expression of a-SMA and TGF-β₁. Results Compared with Sham-operation group, in rats of other groups, the serum levels of BUN and SCr increased (P<0.05), renal interstitial fibrosis degree increased, and protein expression levels of TGF-β₁ and a-SMA increased in the renal tissue (P<0.05). Compared with UUO model group, in rats of other groups, the serum levels of BUN and SCr decreased (P<0.05) and protein expression levels of TGF-β₁ and a-SMA decreased (P<0.05). There was no significant difference among three treatment groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion Shenbing No. 1 Decoction and EASD may ameliorate renal interstitial fibrosis by down-regulating the expression levels of TGF-β₁ and a-SMA.

浙江省自然科学基金资助项目（LY14H270001）；浙江省药学重中之重一级学科开放基金（YKFJ005）；2015年温州市中医药建设资助项目（温财社[2015]628号）