目的 探究山楂、泽泻、决明子与紫色红曲霉混合发酵产物（调脂中药红曲）对食源性高脂血症大鼠血脂水平的调节作用。方法 以高脂饲料连续饲喂SD大鼠4周建立高脂血症动物模型，将实验大鼠分为对照组、模型组、调脂中药红曲预防组、脂必泰胶囊阳性组、大米红曲组、调脂中药红曲治疗组。分别连续给药4周，测定各组大鼠血清中总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）的水平变化。结果 调脂中药红曲预防组造模同时连续给药4周后，大鼠血清TC、TG、LDL-C水平显著降低（P<0.001），HDL-C水平显著升高（P<0.05）。造模4周后给药4周的治疗实验结果表明，与给药前组相比，大米红曲组大鼠血清TC、LDL-C水平显著降低（P<0.01），而TG、HDL-C水平变化不明显；调脂中药红曲组和脂必泰组大鼠血清TC、TG、LDL-C水平显著降低（P<0.05、0.01），HDL-C水平显著升高（P<0.05、0.01），且其对高脂血症大鼠血脂的调节作用优于大米红曲组。对比肝脏指数和脾脏指数发现调脂中药红曲具有较好的安全性。结论 调脂中药与红曲霉混合固态发酵所得产物可有效抑制食源性高脂血症的形成，对食源性高脂血症大鼠血清血脂水平有良好的调节作用，发酵产物中中药调脂成分与红曲调脂成分具有协同作用。

Objective To explore the lipid regulating effect of fermentation product of Crataegi Fructus, Alismatis Rhizoma, and Cassiae Semen on hyperlipidemic rats. Methods SD rats were fed with high fat diet and established as hyperlipidemia animal model, the subjects were divided into six groups:control group, model group, positive control group, fermentation product prevention group, red yeast rice group, and fermentation product treatment group. After four weeks continuous oral administration, the effect of different medicine samples on serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) of hyperlipidemic rats were observed to assess the regulation effect. Results Four weeks' continuous oral administration could regulate the TC, TG, LDL-C levels significantly lower (P<0.001) and HDL-C level significantly increased (P<0.05) in the prevention group compared with the model group. After modeling, continuous administration for four weeks, compared with the levels before giving medicines, TC, TG, LDL-C levels of positive control group and fermentation product treatment group were significantly regulated lower (P<0.05, 0.01) and HDL-C level significantly increased (P<0.05, 0.01). while the only TC and LDL-C levels in red yeast rice group showed significant effect. Conclusion Product of lipid-lowering traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) treated by solid-state fermentation with Monascus purpureus could effectively inhibit the formation of foodborne hyperlipidemia, as well as control and regulate hyperlipidemia, and synergistic effect also appeared between ingredients from TCMs and lovastatin.

四川省科技支撑项目资助（2012FZ0048）；成都市科学技术局科技惠民技术研发项目（2015-HM01-00047-SF）