[关键词]
[摘要]
目的 基于ISSR分子标记技术研究药用植物月季花、玫瑰及其同属近缘种的遗传多样性,构建它们之间系统发育关系,为蔷薇属种质资源分子鉴定及育种提供参考。方法 应用ISSR分子标记技术对药用植物月季花、玫瑰及其同属近缘种的15个种33个样品进行分析,利用POPGEN软件分析Nei’s基因遗传多样性指数(H)等遗传信息参数,应用NTSYS软件构建亲缘关系UPGMA聚类图。结果 6条引物共检测到110个位点,其中多态性位点109个,多态位点百分率(PPB)为99.09%。药用植物月季花、玫瑰及其同属近缘种的种群间H平均值为0.370 5,Shannon's多样性信息指数(I)的平均值为0.546 4,种群间基因分化系数(Gst)的平均值为0.886 8,基因流(Nm)的平均值为0.063 8,遗传距离(D)的变化范围为0.169 1~0.730 2,聚类分析结果显示蔷薇属15个种,在遗传相似系数(GS)0.60处分成6个组。结论 药用植物月季花、玫瑰及其同属近缘种具有丰富的遗传多样性,聚类分析与基于形态特征的蔷薇属属下的分类学研究结果相吻合,ISSR分子标记可以有效鉴别药用植物月季花、玫瑰及其同属近缘种,为蔷薇属植物资源的收集和种间分类提供理论依据。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Objective To study the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of medicinal plants Rosa chinensis, R. rugosa, and their relative species by ISSR molecular marker technique, and provide the reference for Rosa L. germplasm identification and breeding. Methods Fifteen species (including 33 samples) of medicinal herbs R. chinensis, R. rugosa, and their relative species were studied by ISSR-PCR markers. Nei's genetic diversity index (H) and other parameters of genetic information were calculated by POPGEN 32, and a cluster dendrogram of different samples was established based on the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) by NTSYS-pc software. Results Six ISSR primers generated 110 loci of which 109 loci were polymorphic. The average percentage of polymorphie bands (PPB) was 99.09%. Nei's genetic diversity index (H) and Shannon's information index (I) were 0.370 5 and 0.546 4, and the coefficient of genetic differentiation (Gst) and gene flow (Nm) were 0.886 8 and 0.063 8 between the species levels. The genetic distance (D) varied from 0.169 1 to 0.730 2. In the cluster dendrogram, 15 species were clustered into six groups at the level of Genetic similarity coefficient (GS) 0.60. Conclusion The results of ISSR analysis reveal that medicinal plants R. chinensis, R. rugosa and their relative species had the plentiful genetic diversity and the genetic relationships were consistent with morphological characters of taxonomy. ISSR method is efficient for identification of R. chinensis, R. rugosa, and their relative species, which could provide a scientific basis for the resource collection and identification of the species in Rosa L.
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[基金项目]
河南省高等学校重点科研资助项目(15A360018);科技部国家星火计划项目(2012GA750004)