目的 探讨新癀片对牛奶致家兔发热模型的解热作用机制。方法 制备牛奶致家兔发热模型，测定给药后1、4 h体温，并取下丘脑测定与体温相关的白细胞介素1α（IL-1α）、IL-β、IL-6、前列腺素E2（PGE₂）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、精氨酸加压素（AVP）、环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）、环磷酸鸟苷（cGMP）、Na⁺，K⁺-ATP等指标。结果 新癀片给药1、4 h后均能显著降低家兔体温，显著降低家兔下丘脑IL-1α、IL-1β、IL-6、PGE₂、TNF-α、cAMP水平及cAMP/cGMP值，降低Na⁺，K⁺-ATP活力；给药后4 h能显著升高AVP水平。与吲哚美辛比较，新癀片给药后4 h能进一步降低家兔下丘脑IL-1β、IL-6、cAMP水平及cAMP/cGMP值，差异显著（P<0.05），进一步降低PGE₂水平，给药后1 h能显著降低IL-1α水平。结论 新癀片的解热作用机制与调节下丘脑中体温调控相关因子IL-1α、IL-1β、IL-6、PGE₂、TNF-α、cAMP、cAMP/cGMP、Na⁺，K⁺-ATP、AVP有关；其中药成分与吲哚美辛发挥协同作用，从而延长吲哚美辛解热作用时间并且增强吲哚美辛的解热效果。

Objective To investigate the mechanism of Xinhuang Tablet on fever rabbits induced by milk. Methods Using the milk-reduced rabbit fever model to research the antipyretic mechanism of Xinhuang Tablet, blood plasma and hypothalamus were collected to measure the indicators related to body temperature, such as IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, PGE₂, cAMP, cGMP, AVP, and Na⁺, K⁺-ATP ase. Results In the model of milk-reduced rabbit fever, Xinhuang Tablet can significantly decline the contents of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE₂, and TNF-α in the hypothalamus, decline the content of cAMP and ratio of cAMP/cGMP, decline the energy of Na-K-ATPase, and increase the variety of body temperature regulation related factors, such as content of AVP, in order to play a role of antipyretic. Conclusion The antipyretic mechanism and adjustment of Xinhuang Tablet were associated with body temperature regulation related factors in the hypothalamus, such as IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE₂, TNF-α, cAMP, cAMP/cGMP, Na⁺, K⁺-ATP ase, and AVP; Its indomethacin can decline the contents of IL-1α, IL-6, PGE₂, and TNF-α, increase the content of AVP, decline the energy of Na⁺, K⁺-ATP ase which plays the antipyretic effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and the containing Chinese medicines can further decline the contents of IL-1β, IL-6, PGE₂, and cAMP as well as the ratio of cAMP/cGMP in the hypothalamus of rabbits, synergy with indomethacin, in order to extend the indomethacin's antipyretic action time and enhance the indomethacin's strength.