目的 建立一种新的环境友好型的高效制备稀有人参皂苷Rg₆、F₄、Rk₃和Rh₄的方法，为制备稀有人参皂苷提供理论依据。方法 人参皂苷Re为原料，以天冬氨酸为催化剂，人参皂苷Re与天冬氨酸以10∶1混合，于120℃反应1 h，采用半制备型高效液相色谱分离产物中各稀有人参皂苷组分，通过HPLC和NMR进行定量分析和结构鉴定。结果 人参皂苷Re的转化率为100%，稀有人参皂苷Rg₆、F₄、Rk₃和Rh₄的得率分别是11.2%、13.1%、20.6%和24.3%，且4种化合物的质量分数均>99%。结论 该方法操作简单，成本低廉，对环境无污染，对开发绿色环保型稀有人参皂苷新药及保健食品具有重要的应用价值。

Objective A new, environment-friendly and efficient method for the preparation of rare ginsenoside Rg₆, F₄, Rk₃, and Rh₄ was established, which provides a theoretical basis for preparing rare ginsenosides. Methods Rare ginsenoside was prepared by hydrolyzing ginsenoside Re using aspartic acid as the catalyst, through semi preparative HPLC, the target compounds Rg₆, F₄, Rk₃, and Rh₄ were rapidly separated from the degradation products, quantitative analysis, and structure identification by HPLC and NMR. Results Ginsenoside Re was hydrolyzed by aspartic acid according to the ratio 10:1 at 120℃ for 1 h, the conversion rate of ginsenoside Re was 100%, the yields of rare ginsenoside Rg₆, F₄, Rk₃, and Rh₄ were 11.2%, 13.1%, 20.6%, and 24.3%, respectively, and the purity of the four compounds were all above 99%. Conclusion The method is simple, low-cost, and non-pollution for environment, the research has important application value for the development of green environmental protection of rare ginsenosides drugs and health food.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（31371991）；吉林省高校优秀青年科研人才春苗培育计划项目（201448）