目的 建立藏药坐珠达西中无机元素的微波消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-OES)分析方法,并对不同批次坐珠达西和主要矿物药原料中无机元素进行比较和分析。方法 以硝酸为溶样试剂,样品经微波消解后,采用ICP-OES法测定藏药坐珠达西中无机元素的量,并用SPSS 19.0软件对数据进行相关性分析和主成分分析(PCA)。结果 检测了坐珠达西中26种无机元素,元素之间有一定的相关性,坐珠达西样品的无机元素平均量:Ca、Hg、K质量分数均高过1.000 mg/g;P、Mg、Fe、Sn质量分数均高过100 μg/g;PCA选出3个主因子,得出Al、V、Mo、Ti、Cd、Mn、P、Hg、As、Ba、Mg、Ca、Se、Si、Na为坐珠达西的特征元素。而佐塔、寒水石、渣驯膏、石灰华主要含有的元素是Sn、Ti、Ca、Hg、K、P、Fe、Mg;4种矿物原料各元素量差异较大,同种元素以佐塔中量较高;Ca在寒水石和石灰华中量最高,Hg在佐塔中量最高,K、P、Fe、Mg和Sn在渣驯膏中量最高。结论 通过无机元素在成药与矿物原料中的量分析和比较,可以为质量控制和安全性评价及临床使用提供一定参考。

Objective To establish a method for simultaneous analysis on the inorganic elements in Tibetan medicine Zuozhudaxi by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectromter (ICP-OES) and compare the inorganic elements in Zuozhudax among different batches and major raw material of mineral drugs. Methods The samples were digested with nitric solution as the digestion solution. The sample solutions were analyzed by ICP-OES after microwave digestion. The data of correlations, and principal components were analyzed with the SPSS 19.0 software. Results Twenty-six inorganic elements in Zuozhudaxi were determined. And there were some correlations among the inorganic elements in Zuozhudaxi. The average contents of inorganic elements were as follows: Ca, Hg, and K levels were higher than 1 000 μg/g; P, Mg, Fe, and Sn levels were higher than 100 μg/g; Three main factors were selected by principal component analysis (PCA). The PCA results showed that Al, V, Mo, Ti, Cd, Mn, P, Hg, As, Ba, Mg, Ca, Se, Si, and Na may be the characteristic elements in Tibetan medicine Zuozhudaxi. The contents of Sn, Ti, Ca, Hg, K, P, Fe, and Mg were abundant in ZuoTa, Gypsum Calcite, Calciasinti, Brag-zhun Paste; There were significant differences among these four kinds of mineral materials. ZouTa had the highest contents of these elements. Gypsum Rubrum and Travertine had the most abundant Ca; Hg was the highest in ZuoTa; Brag-zhun Paste contains a lot of K, P, Fe, Mg, and Sn. Conclusion This experiment provides the evidence for the quality control and safety evaluation of Zuozhudaxi.

国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2012BAI27B07);国家留学基金委青年骨干教师出国研修项目(CSC201500850007);西南民族大学创新型科研项目(CX2016SZ040)