目的 测定川明参Chuanmingshen violaceum中重金属元素,并评价其安全性。方法 从8个川明参主要种植县区采集了33份川明参根,经加工后,采用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定样品中铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)、铜(Cu)、砷(As)、铬(Cr)6种重金属元素的量;并根据地理位置和生态环境,将这8个川明参种植县区分为4个产区,经统计分析比较各产区样品中重金属元素的差异。结果 每份川明参样品中重金属元素的量分别为Pb ≤ 0.256μg/g,Cd ≤ 0.235μg/g,Hg ≤ 0.123μg/g,Cu ≤ 3.963μg/g,Cr ≤ 2.145μg/g,As未检出;均低于中国《药用植物及制剂进出口行业绿色标准》药用植物原料和饮片的标准。4个川明参产区之间比较,除Pb的量在2个产区之间有显著性差异(P<0.05)之外,其余各产区及各重金属元素的量之间均无显著性差异。结论 建立的ICP-MS方法可准确测定川明参中重金属元素的量;以重金属为指标,四川产川明参是安全的,主产区适宜川明参的种植。

Objective To quantify the contents of heavy metal elements in the roots of Chuanmingshen violaceum (Chuanmingshinis Violacei Radix, and Chuanmingshen) and to evaluate its safety. Methods An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric (ICP-MS) method was developed to quantify six heavy metal elements, i.e. lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), and chromium (Cr) in Chuanmingshinis Violacei Radix. A total of 33 Chuanmingshinis Violacei Radix samples were collected from eight counties/districts in Sichuan province of China, processed and then quantified for the contents of these elements. Moreover, the eight counties/districts were divided into four cultivation areas of Chuanmingshinis Violacei Radix based on the geographical location and ecological environment. The differences of heavy metals were compared by statistical analysis. Results The total content of each element in the 33 samples of Chuanmingshinis Violacei Radix were Pb ≤ 0.256 μg/g, Cd ≤ 0.235 μg/g, Hg ≤ 0.123 μg/g, Cu ≤ 3.963 μg/g, and Cr ≤ 2.145 μg/g; As below the detection limit, the findings were in line with the "Green Trade Standards of Importing and Exporting Medicinal Plants and Preparations" in China. Comparing the amount of heavy metal elements in the samples of Chuanmingshinis Violacei Radix, it was found that the contents of the six heavy metal elements were varied among the four cultivation areas. Except for the difference of Pb content which was significant between the two cultivation areas (P<0.05), other heavy metal elements in these samples among the four cultivation areas were not significantly different. Conclusion The developed ICP-MS method is suitable to accurately quantify the content of heavy metal elements in the samplesof Chuanmingshinis Violacei Radix. On the basis of the level of heavy metal elements, Chuanmingshinis Violacei Radix is considered safe and the current cultivation areas are suitable for the cultivation of C. violaceum.

四川省科技支撑计划项目(2015SZ0040)