目的 优化藤黄酸长循环脂质体制备工艺,并对其体外释放及体内药动学进行研究。方法 建立藤黄酸定量测定方法;以藤黄酸包封率作为考察指标,采用Box-Behnken试验设计优化脂质体组方,得到藤黄酸包封率最高的处方;采用电镜扫描观察藤黄酸脂质体表面形态,采用透析法对脂质体体外释放进行研究,测定藤黄酸在15 d内的稳定性;雄性Wistar大鼠尾静脉分别注射1 mg/mL藤黄酸、藤黄酸脂质体后,采用UPLC-MS/MS方法测定血药浓度,比较2种药物药动学参数差异。结果 Box-Behnken优化后脂质体最优处方为胆固醇444 mg、蛋黄磷脂酰胆碱1 823 mg和二硬脂酰基磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇705 mg,脂质体包封达到92.3%,脂质体粒径均一,表面光滑;体外释放结果表明脂质体可以平缓释放,且具有长效作用,在15 d内储存稳定;脂质体中藤黄酸的体内半衰期为9.97 h,是藤黄酸的4.43倍;脂质体中藤黄酸的AUC_{0～24 h}为22.55 μg·h/mL,是藤黄酸的4.73倍。结论 藤黄酸脂质体与原料药相比具有长循环、血药浓度高、释放平缓等特点。

Objective To optimize the preparation process of gambogic acid (GA) liposomes and study the in vitro and in vivo release. Methods The detection method of GA was established, using the Box-Behnken experiment design to optimize liposomes formula, GA liposomes were obtained with the highest encapsulation efficiency; Using scanning electron micrographs (SEM) to observe liposome surface morphology, using the dialysis method to study the liposome release in vitro, we also measured the stability of liposome in 15 d; Male Wistar rats were injected with GA or GA liposomes (1 mg/mL) via tail vein, UPLC-MS/MS method was used to determine the drug concentration, and differences in pharmacokinetic parameters of the two drugs were compared. Results After Box-Behnken optimization, the encapsulation efficiency of liposomes was 92.3%, and the optimized liposomes formula is cholesterol of 440 mg, egg phosphatidylcholine of 1823 mg, and istearoyl phosphoethanolamine-PEG 2000 of 705 mg, liposomes had uniform particle size and smooth surface; In vitro release results showed that the liposomes could be gentle and slowly release and had a long-term effect. The liposomes were stable keeping in 4 ℃ within 15 d; In in vivo study, the half-life of GA liposome was 9.97 h, 4.43 times of GA; AUC_0—24h of GA liposome was 22.55 μg·h/mL, 4.73 times of GA. Conclusion Compared with GA, GA liposome has the characteristics of long-circulating, high blood drug concentration, and could release smoothly.