目的 分析不同采收期苍耳草Xanthium sibiricum中酚酸类及蒽醌类成分的动态变化。方法 采用HPLC法测定不同采收期苍耳草中酚酸类成分绿原酸、新绿原酸、原儿茶醛、原儿茶酸、隐绿原酸、咖啡酸、1,3-二咖啡酰奎宁酸、阿魏酸、3,4-二咖啡酰奎宁酸、3,5-二咖啡酰奎宁酸、4,5-二咖啡酰奎宁酸及蒽醌类成分芦荟大黄素、大黄素、大黄酚的量。结果 不同采收期苍耳草中酚酸类及蒽醌类成分的量呈动态变化,总酚酸量7月中旬较高,总蒽醌量7月下旬较高;绿原酸、原儿茶醛、阿魏酸、3,5-二咖啡酰奎宁酸、1,3-二咖啡酰奎宁酸5种主要酚酸总量7月中旬较高,其中绿原酸量以6月下旬较高,其余均以7月中旬较高。结论 为确定苍耳草药材的适宜采收期提供依据。

Objective To analyze the dynamic changes of phenolic acids and anthraquinones from the aerial parts of Xanthium sibiricum(Xanthii Herba) in different collection periods. Methods To establish an HPLC method for simultaneous determination of chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, protocatechualdehyde, protocatechuic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, 1, 3-dicaffeoylquinic acid, ferulic acid, 3, 4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3, 5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4, 5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, aloeemodin, emodin, and chrysophanol in the aerial parts of X. sibiricum. Results The contents of phenolic acids and anthraquinones in different harvest time showed dynamic changes. In mid July, the content of total phenolic acids was higher. The higher content of total anthraquinones was in late July. The contents of five total phenolic acids were higher in mid July, such as chlorogenic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, ferulic acid, 3, 5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 1, 3-dicaffeoylquinic acid. The content of chlorogenic acid was higher in late June, and the rest of five phenolic acids were higher in mid July. Conclusion This can provide the basis for determining the suitable harvest time of X. sibiricum.

江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(YSXK-2014);盐城市医学科技发展计划项目(YK2014051)