目的 深入了解和掌握湖南产牡丹Paeonia suffruticosa的亲缘关系及遗传多样性。方法 利用ISSR分子标记生物技术从100条ISSR引物中筛选出条带清晰、多态性好的引物7条,对源自湖南省内牡丹种质资源及部分实生后代共47份样品DNA进行扩增实验。结果 共扩增获得77条带型完整清晰的谱带,其中多态性带为67条,多态位点比率为87.01%,表明湖南产牡丹种质资源多态性较高,具有较高的遗传多样性。经计算机软件计算结果分析,平均有效等位基因数为1.3954,平均Nei's基因多样性指数为0.2480,平均Shannon's信息指数为0.3859;各品种间的Jaccard相似系数介于0.5325~0.9610,平均为0.7515。UPGMA作图法将47份材料划分为2个类群3个亚类,很好地将不同来源的品种区分开来。结论 从分子水平上揭示了湖南产牡丹品种间亲缘关系及较高的遗传多样性,为耐湿热牡丹的新品种选育工作提供了理论依据。

Objective In order to understand the genetic relationship and genetic diversity of peony(Paeonia suffruticosa) in Hunan province, the DNA fingerprints of 47 peony germplasm materials of Hunan province were studied. Methods Seven primers selected from 100 ISSR primers could obtain high polymorphism and reproducibility bands using ISSR markers. Results Total 77 DNA bands were amplified including 67 polymarphic bands, counting for 87.01%. Genetic similarity analysis showed that Hunan peony germplasm resourses with high genetic diversity. Through the computer software analysis, peony variety tested the average effective number of alleles was 1.3954, the average Nei's genetic diversity index is 0.2480, the average Shannon's information index was 0.3859; Between each type of the similarity coefficient of Jaccard was 0.5325-0.9610, with an average of 0.7515, which was a sign of close genetic relationship between the materials. These 47 germplasm resourses were divided into two groups and three subgroups by UPGMA analysis, which could distinguish the varieties from different sources. Conclusion It reveals from the molecular level of Hunan local peony varieties, genetic relationship, and genetic diversity so as to provides the theoretical basis for the varieties breeding worke of heat and humid resistance of peony.

林业公益性行业科研专项经费资助(201404710);湖南省教育厅"十二五"重点学科资助项目(2011-76);长沙市科技局重点项目(K1406010-21);中南林业科技大学青年基金重点项目(QJ2012008A)