[关键词]
[摘要]
近年来,运用新型荧光探针量子点对重金属Pb(II)、Cu(II)、Hg(II)等及有害元素As(III)的检测逐渐成为科研领域的研究热点。列举了量子点的优越光学性质与运用量子点荧光探针检测重金属与有害元素的优势,阐述了离子络合反应、电子转移过程、荧光共振能量转移等引起的量子点荧光淬灭、荧光增敏及结合DNA滚环扩增、发射波长红移及比率荧光等方法检测重金属及有害元素的原理,并总结了量子点荧光探针在重金属与有害元素检测中的应用,以期为量子点荧光探针应用于中药中的重金属与有害元素的快速检测提供参考。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
In recent years, it is a hot spot of research on detecting heavy metals such as Pb (II), Cu (II), and Hg (II) and harmful element As (III) based on novel fluorescence probe quantum dots (QDs). This review introduced the preponderance optical properties and advantages of QDs. In addition, the principles of fluorescence quenching concerning ion complexing reaction, electron transfer, fluorescence resonance energy transfer and others, fluorescence enhancement and methods combined with rolling circle amplification of DNA, redshift of emission wavelength, fluorescence ratio and others were presented. Finally, the paper summarized the applications and took prospect to provide the basis for the detections of heavy metals and harmful elements in Chinese materia medica based on fluorescence probes QDs.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
北京协和医学院研究生创新基金项目(2013-1007-05);2015年度中医药行业科研专项"10种含矿物药的外用制剂安全性与可控性研究"(2015468004-4);"协和青年基金资助"和"中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助"(3332015143)